Kay M Crossley,Melissa J Haberfield,Andrew G Ross,Libby J Gracias,Andrea M Bruder,Jackie L Whittaker,Araba Chintoh,Jane S Thornton,Margie H Davenport,Margo Mountjoy,Melanie Hayman,Brooke E Patterson,Cheri A Blauwet,Evert Verhagen,Carla van den Berg,Carole Akinyi Okoth,Caroline Bolling,Dina Christina Christa Janse van Rensburg,Ellen Casey,Naama W Constantini,Nana Akua Achiaa Adom-Aboagye,Rita Tomás,Yuka Tsukahara,Carolyn A Emery,H Paul Dijkstra,Alex Donaldson
{"title":"Gender- and/or sex-specific considerations for sport-related injury: a concept mapping approach for the Female, woman and/or girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus.","authors":"Kay M Crossley,Melissa J Haberfield,Andrew G Ross,Libby J Gracias,Andrea M Bruder,Jackie L Whittaker,Araba Chintoh,Jane S Thornton,Margie H Davenport,Margo Mountjoy,Melanie Hayman,Brooke E Patterson,Cheri A Blauwet,Evert Verhagen,Carla van den Berg,Carole Akinyi Okoth,Caroline Bolling,Dina Christina Christa Janse van Rensburg,Ellen Casey,Naama W Constantini,Nana Akua Achiaa Adom-Aboagye,Rita Tomás,Yuka Tsukahara,Carolyn A Emery,H Paul Dijkstra,Alex Donaldson","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109946","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\r\nThis study aimed to gather and represent experts' perspectives on the gender- and/or sex-specific factors relevant to injury risk for female/woman/girl athletes.\r\n\r\nMETHODS\r\nMixed-methods concept mapping study. Sixty-six experts including cisgendered (1) athlete/coach/carers, (2) clinicians, (3) sports science/high-performance professional, (4) administrators and (5) researchers brainstormed statements to a prompt ('What gender-specific and/or sex-specific factors do you think contribute to injury risk among female, woman and girl athletes?') before thematically sorting and rating the statements/factors for importance and modifiability (5-point Likert scales).\r\n\r\nRESULTS\r\nTen clusters were constructed from 101 unique statements/factors. The clusters (number of statements) include: (1) Inequitable organisational funding and support (n=17); (2) Athletes' lack of, and access to, resources (n=7); (3) Lack of knowledge and expertise among support staff (n=6); (4) Lack of evidence for, and implementation of gender and sex-appropriate injury prevention (n=20); (5) Sex-related factors (n=14); (6) Gendered health (n=8); (7) Gendered expectations to conform to athletic ideals and norms (n=10); (8) Gendered harassment (interpersonal violence) and social biases (n=9); (9) Gendered sport environment (7); (10) Gendered communication (n=3). Lack of knowledge and expertise among support staff was deemed the most important and modifiable cluster to address gender- and/or sex-specific factors relevant to injury prevention for female/woman/girl athletes.\r\n\r\nCONCLUSION\r\nTen gender- and/or sex-specific clusters, ranging from organisational to biological considerations and societal influences, were defined that could impact female/woman/girl athlete injury risk factors. Advancing stronger evidence for gender and sex appropriate injury prevention is urgently needed.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109946","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"SPORT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to gather and represent experts' perspectives on the gender- and/or sex-specific factors relevant to injury risk for female/woman/girl athletes.
METHODS
Mixed-methods concept mapping study. Sixty-six experts including cisgendered (1) athlete/coach/carers, (2) clinicians, (3) sports science/high-performance professional, (4) administrators and (5) researchers brainstormed statements to a prompt ('What gender-specific and/or sex-specific factors do you think contribute to injury risk among female, woman and girl athletes?') before thematically sorting and rating the statements/factors for importance and modifiability (5-point Likert scales).
RESULTS
Ten clusters were constructed from 101 unique statements/factors. The clusters (number of statements) include: (1) Inequitable organisational funding and support (n=17); (2) Athletes' lack of, and access to, resources (n=7); (3) Lack of knowledge and expertise among support staff (n=6); (4) Lack of evidence for, and implementation of gender and sex-appropriate injury prevention (n=20); (5) Sex-related factors (n=14); (6) Gendered health (n=8); (7) Gendered expectations to conform to athletic ideals and norms (n=10); (8) Gendered harassment (interpersonal violence) and social biases (n=9); (9) Gendered sport environment (7); (10) Gendered communication (n=3). Lack of knowledge and expertise among support staff was deemed the most important and modifiable cluster to address gender- and/or sex-specific factors relevant to injury prevention for female/woman/girl athletes.
CONCLUSION
Ten gender- and/or sex-specific clusters, ranging from organisational to biological considerations and societal influences, were defined that could impact female/woman/girl athlete injury risk factors. Advancing stronger evidence for gender and sex appropriate injury prevention is urgently needed.
期刊介绍:
The British Journal of Sports Medicine (BJSM) is a dynamic platform that presents groundbreaking research, thought-provoking reviews, and meaningful discussions on sport and exercise medicine. Our focus encompasses various clinically-relevant aspects such as physiotherapy, physical therapy, and rehabilitation. With an aim to foster innovation, education, and knowledge translation, we strive to bridge the gap between research and practical implementation in the field. Our multi-media approach, including web, print, video, and audio resources, along with our active presence on social media, connects a global community of healthcare professionals dedicated to treating active individuals.