Effect of Final Abutment Timing on Immediate Implant Success in Anterior Maxilla: A Randomized Controlled Trial

IF 4 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI:10.1111/cid.70088

Veronika Pohl, Robert Haas, Rebecca Rosen, Nikolaus Fürhauser, Sebastian Pohl

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the impact of early versus delayed change of abutment on bone levels, soft tissue, and patient satisfaction with single-tooth immediate implants.

Material and Methods

In 26 patients, flapless immediate implants were placed in the anterior maxillary region (13–23). Postoperatively, all patients received a resin abutment with an emergence profile identical to that of the extracted tooth and were provided with a provisional resin crown. Based on the provisional abutment, a custom digital copy abutment made of zirconium with a titanium adapter was manufactured. The patients were randomized into two groups: the test group received the definitive zirconia abutment after 4 days, while the control group had the abutment changed after 3 months. In both groups, the definitive ceramic crowns were inserted 3 months post-surgery. The primary study outcome was the marginal bone level after 1 year, with peri-implant soft tissue (PES/Pink Esthetic Score) and oral-health-related quality of life (OHIP/Oral Health Impact Profile) defined as secondary parameters.

Results

No statistically significant differences for initial bone level remodeling or later bone loss were found between both groups after 1 year. Two prosthetic complications (one per group) required abutment replacement, but no implant failures occurred. Mean marginal bone levels were 0.71 ± 0.95 mm (mesial: 0.55 ± 0.97 mm, distal: 0.86 ± 1.07 mm) in the test group and 0.22 ± 0.93 mm (mesial: 0.15 ± 1.10 mm, distal: 0.30 ± 0.89 mm) in the control group. The Pink Esthetic Score (PES) was 11.9 ± 1.6 in the test group and 10.62 ± 2.87 in the control group (p = 0.39), showing no significant difference in esthetic outcomes. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) score at 6 months was also not statistically significant for both groups.

Conclusion

In immediate implants in the anterior maxilla, the timing of definitive zirconia abutment placement (4 days versus after 3 months) did not result in any statistically significant differences in peri-implant bone level, peri-implant esthetics, or patient-related quality of life.

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上颌前牙最终基牙时机对即刻种植成功的影响：一项随机对照试验。

目的：本随机对照试验旨在评估早期与延迟基牙变化对骨水平、软组织和单牙即刻种植患者满意度的影响。材料和方法：26例患者在上颌前区放置无瓣即刻种植体（13-23）。术后，所有患者均接受与拔牙相同的树脂基牙，并提供临时树脂冠。在临时基台的基础上，制作了一个由锆和钛适配器制成的定制数字复制基台。将患者随机分为两组，试验组在4天后更换氧化锆基牙，对照组在3个月后更换基牙。两组均在术后3个月植入最终瓷冠。主要研究结果是1年后的边缘骨水平，种植体周围软组织（PES/Pink美学评分）和口腔健康相关生活质量（OHIP/口腔健康影响概况）被定义为次要参数。结果：1年后，两组患者的初始骨水平重塑和后期骨质流失均无统计学差异。2例假体并发症（每组1例）需要更换基台，但未发生假体失败。试验组平均边缘骨水平为0.71±0.95 mm（近端：0.55±0.97 mm，远端：0.86±1.07 mm），对照组平均边缘骨水平为0.22±0.93 mm（近端：0.15±1.10 mm，远端：0.30±0.89 mm）。实验组的粉红美学评分（PES）为11.9±1.6分，对照组为10.62±2.87分（p = 0.39），差异无统计学意义。6个月时两组的口腔健康影响评分（OHIP）也无统计学意义。结论：在上颌前牙即刻种植中，确定的氧化锆基台放置时间（4天与3个月后）在种植体周围骨水平、种植体周围美观或患者相关生活质量方面没有任何统计学上的显著差异。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

13.90%

发文量

103

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The goal of Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research is to advance the scientific and technical aspects relating to dental implants and related scientific subjects. Dissemination of new and evolving information related to dental implants and the related science is the primary goal of our journal. The range of topics covered by the journals will include but be not limited to: New scientific developments relating to bone Implant surfaces and their relationship to the surrounding tissues Computer aided implant designs Computer aided prosthetic designs Immediate implant loading Immediate implant placement Materials relating to bone induction and conduction New surgical methods relating to implant placement New materials and methods relating to implant restorations Methods for determining implant stability A primary focus of the journal is publication of evidenced based articles evaluating to new dental implants, techniques and multicenter studies evaluating these treatments. In addition basic science research relating to wound healing and osseointegration will be an important focus for the journal.