Prevalence of Mercury aka. "Sekete" consumption during pregnancy and its effect on nutrition: A cross-sectional study.

Abstract

BackgroundConsumption of mercury during pregnancy is detrimental to life and results in neurodevelopmental delays, foetal development, premature birth, low birth weight, and spontaneous miscarriages. Socio-cultural norms and practices play a critical role in shaping dietary habits and food choices among pregnant women.AimTo assess the prevalence of mercury consumption, its socio-cultural drivers, and its nutritional implications among pregnant women in urban Mafeteng District, Lesotho.MethodUsing a cross-sectional design, quantitative and qualitative approaches, the study sampled 72 participants (50 pregnant women and 22 traditional healers), drawn from an estimated population of 16,682 using Epi Info software. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.ResultsThe mean age of pregnant women was 25 years (± 4.7 SD), more than 60% had a high school education, and more than 62% were not married. 48% reported obtaining mercury from the local chemist, with over 60% consuming it for more than 2 months. Mercury was consumed by 36% to reduce pain during childbirth, 24% to protect their unborn child against witchcraft, 28% a cultural practice. Among traditional healers, 95% were males, with a mean age of 34 years (± 12.4 SD). Of these 38% administered mercury to counter witchcraft, 53% to reduce labor pain, and ensure safe and timely delivery.ConclusionA high prevalence of mercury consumption among pregnant women existed and was largely influenced by socio-cultural norms and beliefs. Duration of exposure to mercury could affect early fetal development. Furthermore, side effects like nausea and vomiting may compromise maternal nutrition, adding to health risks during pregnancy. Need for urgent public health interventions to address these cultural practices and prevent mercury exposure.