Salvage Microsurgery After Failed Bevacizumab Treatment for NF2-Related Schwannomatosis Vestibular Schwannoma: A Multicentric Retrospective Study.

Abstract

Background and objectives: Surgery in NF2-related schwannomatosis (NF2-SWN) vestibular schwannoma (VS) carries a higher risk of facial nerve damage, hearing loss, and partial resection, than in sporadic cases. Radiosurgery is also associated with higher failure compared with sporadic schwannomas. Nowadays, bevacizumab (BEV) is frequently considered in the NF2-SWN population. However, some patients experience progression despite treatment. Among other surgical risks, in BEV-treated patients, hemorrhage and impaired healing are specific considerations. These concerns have led manufacturers to recommend stopping BEV 6 to 8 weeks preoperatively. The aim of our multicentric study was to assess the perioperative bleeding risk and postoperative outcomes in NF2-SWN patients undergoing VS surgery after preoperative BEV treatment.

Methods: Our retrospective analysis included medical and surgical records along with imaging reviews from 4 high-volume tertiary academic referral centers for NF2-SWN and VS.

Results: A total of 21 patients met the inclusion criteria. VS had a mean volume of 13.2 ±7.6 cm3 corresponding to 1 KOOS III and 20 KOOS IV. BEV was stopped at a mean of 5.8 ± 4.0 months before surgery with a total mean treatment duration of 33.7 ± 20.7 months and a monthly dose of 10.2 ± 4.1 mg/kg. Intraoperatively, the tumor was assessed to be bloody by the operating surgeons in 7 patients. Late BEV discontinuation and high cumulative dose independently predicted perioperative bleeding and longer surgery duration. No other complication such as wound dehiscence was reported.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a higher cumulative BEV dose (∼600 mg/kg) and a longer interval between BEV discontinuation and surgery (∼8 months) are associated with a modest but statistically significant increase in intraoperative bleeding risk. Based on these observations, a BEV-free window between 6 weeks and 6 months (depending on the clinical scenario) before tumor resection seems optimal, particularly for patients with high cumulative exposure.