Evaluation of Apoptosis and Caspase-3 Activity in EL4 Cell Line Lymphoma Using Moringa Oleifera Plant Extract.

Abstract

Lymphoproliferative disorders are a group of hematological malignancies involving the proliferation of lymphocytes. These neoplasms are generally classified into three distinct groups: lymphoma, leukemia, and plasma cell tumors. Among these, lymphomas are among the most prevalent types of malignant tumors in veterinary medicine. These neoplasms exhibit a high prevalence rate in dogs and cats afflicted with diseases such as FeLV. In light of the deleterious side effects associated with chemotherapy drugs, there has been a surge of interest in exploring the use of medicinal plants. M. oleifera, also known as the miracle tree, is a plant that contains anti-cancer compounds in all its parts, including the leaves, roots, and stems. It has been identified as having high antioxidant potential, making it a valuable plant for promoting health and preventing diseases. Moringa oleifera, a well-known member of the Moringaceae family, has been extensively studied due to its high antioxidant capacity. Recent research has highlighted its significant anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. The present study sought to investigate the toxicity effect of moringa extract on the EL4 lymphoma cell line. In this study, EL4 cells were exposed to varying concentrations of M. oleifera extract for 24, 48, and 72 hours. The survival rates of the different groups were initially evaluated using trypan blue and MTT assay methods, and subsequently, real-time PCR was employed for a more precise analysis. The resulting data were then subjected to thorough analysis using SPSS software and the one-way ANOVA test. The treatment of the cell line with M. oleifera powder extract at all concentrations resulted in the inhibition of cancer cell growth. The most significant outcomes were observed at a concentration of 10 µg/ml after 48 hours, and the IC50 value was found to be greater than 50%. The study concluded that M. oleifera extract inhibits the growth of EL4 cells.