Cyanobacterial scytonemin, a potential photoprotective natural pigment: biomedical, industrial and environmental applications

IF 2.6 3区生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Archives of Microbiology Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI:10.1007/s00203-025-04462-5

Akshaya Kumar Behera, Sudhamayee Parida, Amiya Kumar Mandal, Srimanta Patra, Mrutyunjay Jena

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Abstract

A pigment called scytonemin is produced by cyanobacteria under stress conditions. It is a lipid-soluble, yellow-brown indole-alkaloid pigment that is mostly found in the extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) sheaths or capsules of certain cyanobacteria. During radiation exposure, it has the potential to protect cyanobacteria from damaging UV rays due to its photoprotective properties. Because of its stability and durability, scytonemin is a good option for sunscreen compositions. Additionally, the antioxidant properties possessed by this compound help in scavenging reactive oxygen species, which is beneficial in creating medications to treat diseases linked to oxidative stress. Its stability makes it a promising biomarker for palaeoclimatological reconstructions and highlights its importance as a biosignature in astrobiology. Furthermore, its recently revealed anti-inflammatory and powerful antiproliferative capabilities, particularly the suppression of cell cycle-regulating kinases, make it an attractive pharmacophore for creating innovative therapies for hyperproliferative illnesses such as cancer. Its durability and distinct spectroscopic signal highlight its importance as a biosignature in astrobiology. Continued study into its biosynthesis, various functions, and scalable manufacturing methods is critical for its future commercialization and wider application in human welfare. This review discusses a brief overview of the biochemistry and biosynthesis of scytonemin, focusing on the biomedical, industrial, and environmental applications.

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一种潜在的光保护天然色素：生物医学、工业和环境应用

蓝藻在压力条件下会产生一种叫做胞浆蛋白的色素。它是一种脂溶性的黄褐色吲哚生物碱色素，主要存在于某些蓝藻的细胞外多糖（EPS）鞘或胶囊中。在辐射暴露期间，由于其光防护特性，它有可能保护蓝藻免受有害紫外线的伤害。由于它的稳定性和耐久性，舒张素是防晒成分的一个很好的选择。此外，这种化合物所具有的抗氧化特性有助于清除活性氧，这对制造治疗与氧化应激有关的疾病的药物是有益的。它的稳定性使其成为古气候重建的有前途的生物标志物，并突出了其作为天体生物学生物标志的重要性。此外，其最近发现的抗炎和强大的抗增殖能力，特别是对细胞周期调节激酶的抑制，使其成为一种有吸引力的药效团，用于创造治疗癌症等增殖性疾病的创新疗法。它的持久性和独特的光谱信号突出了它作为天体生物学生物特征的重要性。继续研究其生物合成、各种功能和可扩展的制造方法对其未来的商业化和在人类福利方面的更广泛应用至关重要。本文综述了细胞张力素的生物化学和生物合成，重点介绍了其在生物医学、工业和环境方面的应用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Archives of Microbiology 生物-微生物学

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.60%

发文量

601

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Research papers must make a significant and original contribution to microbiology and be of interest to a broad readership. The results of any experimental approach that meets these objectives are welcome, particularly biochemical, molecular genetic, physiological, and/or physical investigations into microbial cells and their interactions with their environments, including their eukaryotic hosts. Mini-reviews in areas of special topical interest and papers on medical microbiology, ecology and systematics, including description of novel taxa, are also published. Theoretical papers and those that report on the analysis or ''mining'' of data are acceptable in principle if new information, interpretations, or hypotheses emerge.