Equilibrium vortex lattices of a rotating dipolar Bose gas with spin–orbit coupling

Abstract

We consider a two-component rotating dipolar Bose gas with spin–orbit coupling trapped in a two-dimensional harmonic potential. Our results show that the ground state phases and its related vortex structures of such a system shows strong dependence on the strength of spin–orbit coupling, dipole–dipole interaction, as well as on the rotation frequency. Under the combined effects of such parameters, the system exhibits a variety of ground state phases and topological defects, such as hidden vortex, vortex necklace, vortex chains with different symmetry, and so on. In addition, different phase transitions between such different ground state phases can be realized by a proper choice of the controllable parameters.