Asymmetric carbazole-based hole transport material for perovskite solar cells

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI:10.1016/j.solener.2025.113979

Ziqi Zhao, Dan Peng, Cheng Chen, Ziyang Xia, Chengyang Liu, Mengde Zhai, Wenbin Zhang, Xiangyu Ni, Ming Cheng

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Abstract

Hole transport materials (HTMs) are essential for restricting charge recombination in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Asymmetric HTMs, though rarely reported, have exhibited significantly improved molecular dipolar moment and interesting charge transport properties compared to their symmetrical counterparts. In this work, we report an asymmetric HTM, MC-ACD, based on a 9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9H-carbazole core functionalized with two different donor groups. The designed conjugated planar asymmetric configuration promotes extensive π-electron delocalization and facilitates stronger intermolecular π-π stacking, thereby significantly enhancing charge transport efficiency. As a result, PSCs incorporating MC-ACD render a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.2 %, surpassing both fluorene-based analogs (22.96 %) and the widely used Spiro-OMeTAD (22.52 %). This work provides critical insights for developing efficient, structurally simple small molecule HTMs for next-generation solar energy conversion systems.

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钙钛矿太阳能电池用不对称咔唑基空穴传输材料

空穴输运材料是制约钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）电荷复合的重要材料。不对称HTMs虽然很少被报道，但与对称HTMs相比，它们表现出了显著改善的分子偶极矩和有趣的电荷输运性质。在这项工作中，我们报道了一个不对称HTM， MC-ACD，基于9-（4-甲氧基苯基）- 9h -咔唑核与两个不同的给基功能化。所设计的共轭平面不对称构型促进了广泛的π-电子离域，促进了更强的分子间π-π堆积，从而显著提高了电荷传输效率。结果表明，含有MC-ACD的PSCs的功率转换效率（PCE）为24.2%，超过了基于芴的类似物（22.96%）和广泛使用的Spiro-OMeTAD（22.52%）。这项工作为开发用于下一代太阳能转换系统的高效、结构简单的小分子HTMs提供了重要的见解。

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来源期刊

Solar Energy 工程技术-能源与燃料

CiteScore

13.90

自引率

9.00%

发文量

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： Solar Energy welcomes manuscripts presenting information not previously published in journals on any aspect of solar energy research, development, application, measurement or policy. The term "solar energy" in this context includes the indirect uses such as wind energy and biomass