Asmaa Sayed , Amal Shawky , Ibrahim E. El-Sayed , Ghada A. Mahmoud
{"title":"Tailoring of magnetic β-cyclodextrin-based nanogels via gamma irradiation: Structural characterization and anticancer efficacy","authors":"Asmaa Sayed , Amal Shawky , Ibrahim E. El-Sayed , Ghada A. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.jddst.2025.107516","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Targeted drug delivery systems that combine therapeutic efficiency with fewer side effects are highly promoted in cancer treatment. In this study, multifunctional CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@DEX/PNIPAm nanogels were synthesized through gamma irradiation-induced copolymerization of β-cyclodextrin-modified dextrin (DEX) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm), followed by the addition of magnetic cobalt ferrite CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles. The eco-friendly, initiator-free method ensures biocompatibility and environmental safety. Structural (FTIR, XRD) and morphological (TEM, SEM, AFM) analyses confirmed a semi-amorphous nanogel matrix with evenly distributed crystalline nanoparticles, exhibiting increased compactness and altered surface topography at higher irradiation doses. Elemental analysis (EDX and mapping) verified the uniform distribution of Co and Fe within the nanogel. Magnetic measurements indicated soft ferromagnetic behavior where saturation magnetization M<sub>s</sub> = 4.16 emu/g and coercivity Hci = 89.5 G, enabling potential magnetic guidance. Functionally, the nanogels demonstrated dose-dependent antibacterial activity against <em>Enterococci</em> and <em>Klebsiella</em>, as well as selective toxicity toward colon cancer cells, with minimal effects on normal fibroblasts (WI-38). These findings suggest CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@DEX/PNIPAm nanogels as a promising, magnetically responsive, and biocompatible platform for targeted anticancer therapy and antimicrobial applications, offering a green nanomaterial alternative to conventional treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 107516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1773224725009190","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery systems that combine therapeutic efficiency with fewer side effects are highly promoted in cancer treatment. In this study, multifunctional CoFe2O4@DEX/PNIPAm nanogels were synthesized through gamma irradiation-induced copolymerization of β-cyclodextrin-modified dextrin (DEX) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm), followed by the addition of magnetic cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. The eco-friendly, initiator-free method ensures biocompatibility and environmental safety. Structural (FTIR, XRD) and morphological (TEM, SEM, AFM) analyses confirmed a semi-amorphous nanogel matrix with evenly distributed crystalline nanoparticles, exhibiting increased compactness and altered surface topography at higher irradiation doses. Elemental analysis (EDX and mapping) verified the uniform distribution of Co and Fe within the nanogel. Magnetic measurements indicated soft ferromagnetic behavior where saturation magnetization Ms = 4.16 emu/g and coercivity Hci = 89.5 G, enabling potential magnetic guidance. Functionally, the nanogels demonstrated dose-dependent antibacterial activity against Enterococci and Klebsiella, as well as selective toxicity toward colon cancer cells, with minimal effects on normal fibroblasts (WI-38). These findings suggest CoFe2O4@DEX/PNIPAm nanogels as a promising, magnetically responsive, and biocompatible platform for targeted anticancer therapy and antimicrobial applications, offering a green nanomaterial alternative to conventional treatments.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology is an international journal devoted to drug delivery and pharmaceutical technology. The journal covers all innovative aspects of all pharmaceutical dosage forms and the most advanced research on controlled release, bioavailability and drug absorption, nanomedicines, gene delivery, tissue engineering, etc. Hot topics, related to manufacturing processes and quality control, are also welcomed.