Effects of graphene oxide nanoparticles on the performance and emissions of marine microalgae-derived biodiesel-diesel blends in a diesel engine

IF 7.6 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI:10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101259

Teshome Dengiso Megiso , Venkata Ramayya Ancha , Ramesh Babu Nallamothu

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Abstract

The search for cleaner fuels has intensified as the world faces climate change, air pollution, and shrinking fossil reserves. Among renewable options, marine microalgae offer a promising pathway due to their high lipid content, rapid growth, and non-competition with food crops. This study evaluates the performance and emission behavior of a diesel engine operating on Ulva fasciata biodiesel-diesel blends (B5-B25), with a focus on the role of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles as a combustion enhancer. Baseline experiments identified B25 as the most effective blend, striking a balance between efficiency and emission control. To further enhance performance, Graphene oxide nanoparticles was dispersed in B25 at concentrations ranging from 35 to 75 ppm, stabilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate. The fuel tests, including analyses of its physicochemical properties, FTIR, GC–MS, XRD, and zeta potential, showed that the nanofuel was both stable and reactive. Engine tests revealed that B25 with 55 ppm GO delivered the best results: brake thermal efficiency rose by 7–10 %, torque increased by up to 35 %, and fuel consumption decreased by 8–12 % compared with neat B25. At the same time, emissions of CO, HC, PM, and NO_x dropped by 12–18 %, 14 %, 15–18 %, and 6–8 %, respectively, with all improvements statistically significant (p < 0.05). These results show that GO not only offsets biodiesel’s drawbacks but also unlocks new performance and environmental benefits, positioning GO-enriched marine algal biodiesel as a scalable, sustainable fuel for cleaner diesel engine operation.

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氧化石墨烯纳米颗粒对柴油发动机中海洋微藻衍生生物柴油-柴油混合物的性能和排放的影响

随着世界面临气候变化、空气污染和化石储量萎缩，对更清洁燃料的探索已经加强。在可再生能源选择中，海洋微藻因其高脂含量、快速生长和不与粮食作物竞争而提供了一个有前途的途径。本研究评估了使用Ulva fasciata生物柴油-柴油混合物（B5-B25）的柴油发动机的性能和排放行为，重点研究了氧化石墨烯纳米颗粒作为燃烧助燃剂的作用。基线实验确定B25是最有效的混合物，在效率和排放控制之间取得了平衡。为了进一步提高性能，将氧化石墨烯纳米颗粒分散在浓度为35至75 ppm的B25中，并用十二烷基硫酸钠稳定。燃料测试，包括理化性质分析，FTIR, GC-MS， XRD和zeta电位，表明纳米燃料既稳定又活泼。发动机测试表明，与纯B25相比，添加55 ppm氧化石墨烯的B25取得了最佳效果：制动热效率提高了7 - 10%，扭矩提高了35%，燃油消耗降低了8 - 12%。同时，CO、HC、PM和NOx的排放量分别下降了12 - 18%、14%、15 - 18%和6 - 8%，均有统计学意义（p < 0.05）。这些结果表明，氧化石墨烯不仅抵消了生物柴油的缺点，还带来了新的性能和环境效益，使富含氧化石墨烯的海洋藻类生物柴油成为一种可扩展的、可持续的燃料，可用于更清洁的柴油发动机运行。

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来源期刊

Energy Conversion and Management-X Multiple-

CiteScore

8.80

自引率

3.20%

发文量

180

审稿时长

58 days

期刊介绍： Energy Conversion and Management: X is the open access extension of the reputable journal Energy Conversion and Management, serving as a platform for interdisciplinary research on a wide array of critical energy subjects. The journal is dedicated to publishing original contributions and in-depth technical review articles that present groundbreaking research on topics spanning energy generation, utilization, conversion, storage, transmission, conservation, management, and sustainability. The scope of Energy Conversion and Management: X encompasses various forms of energy, including mechanical, thermal, nuclear, chemical, electromagnetic, magnetic, and electric energy. It addresses all known energy resources, highlighting both conventional sources like fossil fuels and nuclear power, as well as renewable resources such as solar, biomass, hydro, wind, geothermal, and ocean energy.