Whole-Genomic Characterization of Two Different PRRSV-1 Strains Isolated From a Single Pig

IF 3 2区农林科学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI:10.1155/tbed/8260067

Bangjun Gong, Jiahao Shi, Hu Xu, Chao Li, Lirun Xiang, Zhenyang Guo, Jinhao Li, Siyu Zhang, Zixuan Feng, Haonan Kang, Xueli Zhang, Ziyu Song, Qian Wang, Jinmei Peng, Guohui Zhou, Chaoliang Leng, Kuan Zhao, Yan-Dong Tang, Huairan Liu, Tong-Qing An, Xuehui Cai, Zhi-Jun Tian, Hongliang Zhang

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Abstract

Recent studies have demonstrated that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 (PRRSV-1) strains isolated from different farms in China have significant genomic heterogeneity, whereas strains from the same farm present a high degree of genomic similarity. In this study, primary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) and high-throughput sequencing technology were used to successfully isolate and characterize two different PRRSV-1 strains (designated TZJ3556-1 and TZJ3556-2) in a single pig from a farm in Shandong Province with a PRRSV-1 outbreak. Phylogenetic analysis based on ORF5 and complete genome sequences revealed that both TZJ3556-1 and TZJ3556-2 belong to the BJEU06-1-like subgroup. Nucleotide (nt) sequence alignment revealed that the pairwise genomic similarity between TZJ3556-1 and TZJ3556-2 was only 86.03%. Additionally, both strains exhibited the characteristic 5 (4+1) discontinuous amino acid (aa) deletion in the Nsp2 region. Recombination analysis revealed that TZJ3556-1 is one of the parental strains for the recombinant strain TZJ3556-2, contributing Nsp1β, partial Nsp2, partial ORF4, and ORF5-3’UTR genes. This study reports, for the first time, coinfection with multiple PRRSV-1 strains in a single pig and the emergence of an intrasubgroup recombinant strain within the BJEU06-1-like subgroup. The genetic diversity of PRRSV-1 strains in China is likely to become increasingly complex, and these strains may have overcome physical barriers between farms. The emergence of complex and diverse PRRSV-1 strains poses a serious challenge for the prevention and control of PRRS in China.

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从一头猪分离的两种不同的PRRSV-1株的全基因组特征

最近的研究表明，从中国不同猪场分离的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒1 （PRRSV-1）株具有显著的基因组异质性，而从同一猪场分离的株具有高度的基因组相似性。本研究利用原代肺泡巨噬细胞（PAMs）和高通量测序技术，从山东省某养殖场的一头猪中成功分离并鉴定了两种不同的PRRSV-1菌株（命名为TZJ3556-1和TZJ3556-2）。基于ORF5和全基因组序列的系统发育分析显示，TZJ3556-1和TZJ3556-2均属于bjeu06 -1样亚群。核苷酸序列比对结果显示，TZJ3556-1与TZJ3556-2的基因组相似性仅为86.03%。此外，两株菌株在Nsp2区均出现5（4+1）不连续氨基酸（aa）缺失的特征。重组分析表明，TZJ3556-1是重组菌株TZJ3556-2的亲本菌株之一，提供了Nsp1β、部分Nsp2、部分ORF4和ORF5-3'UTR基因。本研究首次报道了在一只猪身上同时感染多个PRRSV-1菌株，并在bjeu06 -1样亚群中出现了一个亚群内重组菌株。中国PRRSV-1毒株的遗传多样性可能变得越来越复杂，这些毒株可能克服了养殖场之间的物理障碍。复杂多样的PRRSV-1毒株的出现给中国的prrs1防控带来了严峻的挑战。

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来源期刊

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 农林科学-传染病学

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

9.30%

发文量

350

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Transboundary and Emerging Diseases brings together in one place the latest research on infectious diseases considered to hold the greatest economic threat to animals and humans worldwide. The journal provides a venue for global research on their diagnosis, prevention and management, and for papers on public health, pathogenesis, epidemiology, statistical modeling, diagnostics, biosecurity issues, genomics, vaccine development and rapid communication of new outbreaks. Papers should include timely research approaches using state-of-the-art technologies. The editors encourage papers adopting a science-based approach on socio-economic and environmental factors influencing the management of the bio-security threat posed by these diseases, including risk analysis and disease spread modeling. Preference will be given to communications focusing on novel science-based approaches to controlling transboundary and emerging diseases. The following topics are generally considered out-of-scope, but decisions are made on a case-by-case basis (for example, studies on cryptic wildlife populations, and those on potential species extinctions): Pathogen discovery: a common pathogen newly recognised in a specific country, or a new pathogen or genetic sequence for which there is little context about — or insights regarding — its emergence or spread. Prevalence estimation surveys and risk factor studies based on survey (rather than longitudinal) methodology, except when such studies are unique. Surveys of knowledge, attitudes and practices are within scope. Diagnostic test development if not accompanied by robust sensitivity and specificity estimation from field studies. Studies focused only on laboratory methods in which relevance to disease emergence and spread is not obvious or can not be inferred (“pure research” type studies). Narrative literature reviews which do not generate new knowledge. Systematic and scoping reviews, and meta-analyses are within scope.