Stability, Micromotion, and Microstrain in Short Implants with High C/I Ratios: Combined In Vitro and Finite Element Analysis Approach.

IF 1.7
Daniel Robles, Saray Fernandez-Hernández, Miquel Punset, Meritxell Molmeneu, Javier Gil, Esteban Pérez-Pevida, Aritza Brizuela-Velasco
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Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the biomechanical behavior of short dental implants (4 mm) compared to longer implants (6-8-10 mm), especially in high crown-to-implant ratio scenarios. The study evaluates implant stability, micromotion under loading, and peri-implant bone microstrain, and investigates the effect of prosthetic splinting as a biomechanical strategy.

Materials and methods: Fifty implants with internal connections (Ø 4-6-8-10 mm) were placed in nine fresh bovine ribs and restored with standardized polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) crowns to achieve C/I ratios of 1.22 (10 mm implants), 1.77 (8 mm), 2.7 (6 mm), and 4.55 (4 mm). Using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and controlled loading (50N, 6° angulation), implant stability and micormotion were evaluated by image-based analysis. A subset of 4-mm implants was tested with a splinted PMMA bridge. Finite element analysis FEA) using models consistent with the in vitro setup was performed to evaluate bone microstrain, von Mises stress, and displacement.

Results: Implant stability (ISQ values) increased significantly with implant length, with the 10-mm group having the highest values (mean ISQ = 68.4, p < .05). Micromotion and FEA displacement were inversely correlated with implant length and positively correlated with the C/I ratio. The 4-mm implants had significantly higher micromotion and microstrain values, but splinting significantly reduced both parameters and achieved performance comparable to longer implants. Von Mises stress values in the peri-implant bone and abutments were highest in the 4mm.group.

Conclusion: Short dental implants correlate with poorer values for dental implant stability than conventional implants. High C/I ratios in short implants are associated with increased micromovement and microloading of the bone, but splinting improves biomechanical performance and may be advisable when using short implants, especially in immediate loading protocols.

高C/I比短种植体的稳定性、微运动和微应变:结合体外和有限元分析方法。
目的:评估短种植体(4mm)与长种植体(6-8-10 mm)的生物力学行为,特别是在高冠与种植体比例的情况下。该研究评估了种植体的稳定性、载荷下的微运动和种植体周围骨微应变,并研究了假体夹板作为生物力学策略的效果。材料和方法:将50个具有内连接的种植体(Ø 4-6-8-10 mm)放置在9个新鲜牛肋骨中,并使用标准化聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)冠修复,C/I比分别为1.22 (10 mm种植体)、1.77 (8 mm)、2.7 (6 mm)和4.55 (4 mm)。采用共振频率分析(RFA)和可控载荷(50N, 6°角度),通过图像分析评估种植体的稳定性和微动性。用夹板PMMA桥测试4毫米种植体的子集。采用与体外设置一致的模型进行有限元分析(FEA),评估骨微应变、von Mises应力和位移。结果:种植体稳定性(ISQ值)随种植体长度的增加而显著增加,其中10mm组ISQ值最高(平均ISQ = 68.4, p < 0.05)。微动和有限元位移与种植体长度呈负相关,与C/I比值呈正相关。4毫米种植体具有更高的微动和微应变值,但夹板可以显著降低这两个参数,并达到与更长的种植体相当的性能。种植体周围骨和基牙的Von Mises应力值在4mm组最高。结论:短种植体与常规种植体相比,其稳定性值较差。短种植体的高C/I比率与骨的微运动和微负荷增加有关,但夹板可改善生物力学性能,在使用短种植体时,特别是在立即加载方案中,可能是可取的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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