Resolution of Distal Tracheal Obstruction Using Endoscopic-Guided Holmium:Yttrium-Aluminium-Garnet Laser Ablation in a Blue and Gold Macaw (Ara ararauna).
Orr Cohen, Melinda Lee Cowan, Emma Johnson, Julia P Sumner, Michelle Lau
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
A 2-year-old, female, blue and gold macaw (Ara ararauna) presented with respiratory distress following a 1-week history of altered vocalization. The bird was anesthetized for a computed tomography scan, air sac cannulation, and tracheoscopy. The bird was diagnosed with a distal tracheal obstruction, occupying more than 80% of the tracheal lumen. Initial attempts at biopsy and resection were unsuccessful because of limited access to the obstruction. The bird was managed medically for 1 week with a combination of an oral antifungal medication, antibiotic drugs, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, and daily intratracheal antifungal therapy. Tracheal endoscopic-guided Holmium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet laser ablation of the tracheal lesion allowed for complete removal of the mass, and the bird could vocalize within a few days of the procedure. On repeat tracheoscopy and computed tomographic examination 6 weeks postlaser ablation, there was no evidence of inflammation, recurrence of the mass, or stricture formation. Holmium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet laser ablation may be a valuable and minimally invasive tool for managing tracheal obstructions such as tracheal granulomas and strictures in birds.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery is an international journal of the medicine and surgery of both captive and wild birds. Published materials include scientific articles, case reports, editorials, abstracts, new research, and book reviews.