TREM2 in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.

IF 5.2 2区生物学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY

Cells Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI:10.3390/cells14171387

Ling Li, Xiaoxiao Zheng, Hongyue Ma, Mingxia Zhu, Xiuli Li, Xiaodan Sun, Xinhong Feng

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Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), represent significant global health challenges, affecting millions and straining healthcare systems. These disorders involve progressive neuronal loss and cognitive decline, with incompletely elucidated underlying mechanisms. Chronic neuroinflammation is increasingly recognized as a critical contributor to disease progression. The brain's resident immune cells, microglia, are central to this inflammatory response. When overactivated, microglia and other immune cells, such as peripheral macrophages, can exacerbate inflammation and accelerate disease development. Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (TREM2) is a transmembrane receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily that demonstrates high expression on microglia in the central nervous system. TREM2 serves a vital role in regulating phagocytosis, synaptic pruning, and energy metabolism. This review examines the functions of TREM2 in neurodegenerative diseases and its potential as a therapeutic target, aiming to inform future treatment strategies.

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TREM2在神经退行性疾病中的作用机制和治疗潜力。

神经退行性疾病，包括阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森氏病（PD）和肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS），是重大的全球卫生挑战，影响数百万人，并使卫生保健系统紧张。这些疾病涉及进行性神经元丧失和认知能力下降，其潜在机制尚未完全阐明。慢性神经炎症越来越被认为是疾病进展的关键因素。大脑的常驻免疫细胞小胶质细胞是这种炎症反应的核心。当过度激活时，小胶质细胞和其他免疫细胞，如外周巨噬细胞，可以加剧炎症并加速疾病发展。髓样细胞触发受体2 （TREM2）是免疫球蛋白超家族的跨膜受体，在中枢神经系统的小胶质细胞上高表达。TREM2在调节吞噬、突触修剪和能量代谢中起重要作用。本文综述了TREM2在神经退行性疾病中的功能及其作为治疗靶点的潜力，旨在为未来的治疗策略提供信息。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cells Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)

CiteScore

9.90

自引率

5.00%

发文量

3472

审稿时长

16 days

期刊介绍： Cells (ISSN 2073-4409) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to cell biology, molecular biology and biophysics. It publishes reviews, research articles, communications and technical notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided.