YOLOv11s-CD: An Improved YOLOv11s Method for Catenary Dropper Fault Detection

IF 5.9 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC
Cheng Luo;Hao Tang;Shuning Li;Guohao Wan;Weirong Chen;Jinfa Guan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The catenary dropper (CD) fault detection is an important technical means to ensure the train current collection quality and operational safety. The existing you only look once (YOLO) detection algorithms need improvement in terms of accuracy, especially in the detection of small objects. To address the problem, this article proposes a CD fault detection model based on improved YOLOv11s, named YOLOv11s-CD. First, a four-detection head structure DASFFHead is designed to achieve multiscale feature fusion by integrating a small object detection layer into the neck network and combining a dynamic adaptive spatial feature fusion (DASFF) module. Subsequently, the squeeze–excitation and attention module (SEAM) attention mechanism is embedded in the neck network layer to extract more small object features in occluded areas. In addition, combining the InnerIoU and CIoU methods, the InnerCIoU loss function is designed to enhance the small object detection ability. Finally, the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model are validated on the dataset, which is processed by the optimized contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) algorithm to enhance the contrast and clarity of the small object defects. Experimental results show that the proposed YOLOv11s-CD has superior performance compared with several other YOLO algorithms, whose mAP@0.5 has increased to 92.3% and AP of small object detection has significantly increased to 91.3%.
YOLOv11s- cd:一种改进的YOLOv11s悬链线滴管故障检测方法
接触网降管故障检测是保证列车集流质量和运行安全的重要技术手段。现有的只看一次(YOLO)检测算法在精度方面需要改进,特别是在小物体的检测方面。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种基于改进的YOLOv11s的CD故障检测模型,命名为YOLOv11s-CD。首先,通过将小目标检测层集成到颈部网络中,结合动态自适应空间特征融合(DASFF)模块,设计四检测头结构DASFFHead,实现多尺度特征融合;随后,在颈部网络层中嵌入挤压激励和注意模块(SEAM)注意机制,提取遮挡区域中更多的小目标特征。此外,结合InnerCIoU和CIoU方法,设计了InnerCIoU损失函数,增强了小目标检测能力。最后,在数据集上验证了该模型的有效性和准确性,并采用优化的对比度限制自适应直方图均衡化(CLAHE)算法对数据集进行处理,以增强小目标缺陷的对比度和清晰度。实验结果表明,与其他几种YOLO算法相比,本文提出的YOLOv11s-CD算法性能优越,其mAP@0.5提高到92.3%,小目标检测AP显著提高到91.3%。
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来源期刊
IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 工程技术-工程:电子与电气
CiteScore
9.00
自引率
23.20%
发文量
1294
审稿时长
3.9 months
期刊介绍: Papers are sought that address innovative solutions to the development and use of electrical and electronic instruments and equipment to measure, monitor and/or record physical phenomena for the purpose of advancing measurement science, methods, functionality and applications. The scope of these papers may encompass: (1) theory, methodology, and practice of measurement; (2) design, development and evaluation of instrumentation and measurement systems and components used in generating, acquiring, conditioning and processing signals; (3) analysis, representation, display, and preservation of the information obtained from a set of measurements; and (4) scientific and technical support to establishment and maintenance of technical standards in the field of Instrumentation and Measurement.
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