Electromagnetic transients and failed upward leaders observed during lightning activity in an onshore wind farm

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Electric Power Systems Research Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI:10.1016/j.epsr.2025.112216

Franjo Vukovic, Bozidar-Filipovic Grcic, Nina Stipetic, Bojan Franc

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

At a wind farm in Croatia, lightning activity is monitored across the entire site using a lightning location system, and on a single wind turbine equipped with a Rogowski-coil-based current measurement system and a high-speed camera, all independently GPS-synchronized. In addition to recording lightning flash currents on the monitored turbine, the system is frequently triggered by electromagnetic disturbances caused by nearby lightning flashes. These include direct flashes to two neighboring turbines that share the same cable connection to the substation and have interconnected grounding systems with buried bare conductor, as well as cloud-to-ground flashes to soil near cable routes, where the resulting electromagnetic fields couple onto the cables, causing surges to propagate to the monitored turbine. The camera occasionally captures failed upward connecting leaders from the monitored turbine during these lightning events. This paper presents three cases of flashes to two neighboring wind turbines and two cases of cloud-to-ground flashes to nearby soil, all of which induced electromagnetic transients that propagated to the monitored turbine. Failed upward connecting leaders were observed in some of these cases. This paper provides observational analysis, providing Rogowski measurements of electromagnetic disturbances and failed leader currents, complemented by high-speed camera and lightning location system data.

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在陆上风电场闪电活动中观察到的电磁瞬变和失败的向上先导

在克罗地亚的一个风力发电场，闪电活动是通过闪电定位系统监测整个站点的，在一个风力涡轮机上配备了基于rogowski线圈的电流测量系统和一个高速相机，所有这些都是独立的gps同步。除了在被监测的涡轮机上记录闪电电流外，该系统还经常被附近闪电引起的电磁干扰触发。这些方法包括直接闪光到两个相邻的涡轮机，它们共用同一电缆连接到变电站，并且有埋藏裸导体的互连接地系统，以及云对地闪光到电缆路线附近的土壤，在那里产生的电磁场耦合到电缆上，导致浪涌传播到被监测的涡轮机。在这些闪电事件中，摄像机偶尔会捕捉到被监测涡轮机的向上连接引线失效。本文介绍了三种对相邻两台风力发电机的闪变和两种对附近土壤的云对地闪变，它们都诱发了电磁瞬变，并传播到被监测的风力发电机。在其中一些案例中，可以观察到向上连接失败的领导者。本文提供了观测分析，提供了电磁干扰和失效引线电流的Rogowski测量，并辅以高速相机和闪电定位系统数据。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Electric Power Systems Research 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

17.90%

发文量

963

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： Electric Power Systems Research is an international medium for the publication of original papers concerned with the generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of electrical energy. The journal aims at presenting important results of work in this field, whether in the form of applied research, development of new procedures or components, orginal application of existing knowledge or new designapproaches. The scope of Electric Power Systems Research is broad, encompassing all aspects of electric power systems. The following list of topics is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather to indicate topics that fall within the journal purview. • Generation techniques ranging from advances in conventional electromechanical methods, through nuclear power generation, to renewable energy generation. • Transmission, spanning the broad area from UHV (ac and dc) to network operation and protection, line routing and design. • Substation work: equipment design, protection and control systems. • Distribution techniques, equipment development, and smart grids. • The utilization area from energy efficiency to distributed load levelling techniques. • Systems studies including control techniques, planning, optimization methods, stability, security assessment and insulation coordination.