Organic amendment increases soil carbon sequestration by altering carbon stabilization pathways within soil aggregates

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Soil & Tillage Research Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI:10.1016/j.still.2025.106868

Shihao Ma , Yudong Cao , Jianwei Lu , Zhifeng Lu , Jun Zhu , Wenjun Zhang , Xiaokun Li

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Abstract

Organic amendment has been proven to be an effective strategy for increasing soil carbon (C) sequestration. However, the pathways which different organic amendments regulate C accumulation and stabilization processes may vary due to their differing inherent properties. Field experiments with four treatments, viz. CK, no fertilizer; CF, conventional chemical fertilizer; CFM, chemical fertilizer with manure; CFB, chemical fertilizer with biochar were conducted to elucidate the differential mechanisms governing soil aggregate C flow pathways mediated by organic amendments. The results demonstrated that CFM and CFB treatments increased SOC content by 12 % and 21 % respectively compared to CF treatment. Specifically, biochar increased C stabilization through structural optimization of aggregates (>2 mm macroaggregates increased by 4 %) and improved C sequestration across all aggregate sizes (5–24 % increase in SOC content). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis revealed distinct stabilization pathways: CFB preferentially elevated aromatic C proportions (15 %-29 % increase), while CFM promoted alkyl C accumulation (38 %-64 % increase). Biochar directly introduced recalcitrant aromatic compounds, whereas manure facilitated microbial conversion of labile C to alkyl C. δ¹³C fractionation analysis further delineated distinct stabilization pathways: CF accelerated native SOC depletion through preferential utilization of labile components, biochar facilitated C stabilization in via physicochemical protection, while manure balanced metabolic partitioning and kinetic fractionation during microbial processing. These findings underscore biochar's superiority in long-term C sequestration via physicochemical stabilization and manure's efficacy in optimizing C turnover efficiency, providing mechanistic foundations for precision organic amendment strategies in sustainable soil management.

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有机修正通过改变土壤团聚体内的碳稳定途径增加土壤碳固存

有机改良已被证明是增加土壤碳(C)固存的有效策略。然而，不同的有机改性剂由于其内在性质的不同，其调节碳积累和稳定过程的途径可能会有所不同。四种处理的田间试验，即CK，不施肥；CF，常规化肥；CFM，化肥加粪肥；以循环流化床（CFB）、化学肥料加生物炭为研究对象，探讨有机改进剂对土壤团聚体碳流动途径的调控机制。结果表明，与CF处理相比，CFM和CFB处理分别提高了土壤有机碳含量12 %和21 %。具体来说，生物炭通过优化团聚体的结构（2 mm的大团聚体增加4 %）和改善所有团聚体尺寸的碳固集（5-24 %的有机碳含量增加），提高了碳的稳定性。核磁共振（NMR）分析显示了不同的稳定途径：CFB优先提高芳香C的比例（15 %-29 %），而CFM促进烷基C的积累（38 %-64 %）。生物炭直接引入了顽固性芳香族化合物，而粪便则促进了微生物将不稳定碳转化为烷基碳，δ13C分馏分析进一步描绘了不同的稳定途径：CF通过优先利用不稳定组分加速了天然有机碳的消耗，生物炭通过物理化学保护促进了C的稳定，而粪便在微生物处理过程中平衡了代谢分配和动力学分馏。这些发现说明了生物炭通过物理化学稳定长期固碳的优势和粪肥优化碳周转效率的功效，为土壤可持续管理中的精准有机修正策略提供了机制基础。

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来源期刊

Soil & Tillage Research 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

13.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

5 months

期刊介绍： Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research: The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.