This must be the place. Spatial analysis of the Upper Magdalenian seed assemblage of Cova de les Cendres (Alicante, Spain)

Abstract

The spatial analysis of lithic and bone remains has been frequently conducted in Palaeolithic sites to detect activity areas and taphonomic processes. However, it has not been usually applied to archaeobotanical assemblages despite its suitability to shed light on their formation processes. A taphonomic approach to wood-charcoal and seed assemblages is essential to obtain ecological, cultural and economic information.

In the Upper Magdalenian level of Cova de les Cendres (Teulada-Moraira, Alicante, Spain), a series of superimposed combustion structures were documented. At this level, carpological remains are abundant and diverse, and the preservation of the hearths allows us to assess their distribution in relation to these anthropic structures which arranged the human activity in this part of the cave. Species such as Alkanna tinctoria, Buglossoides arvensis, Pinus sp., Juniperus spp. or different legumes dominate the non-woody archaeobotanical assemblage. The general distribution of the plant remains highlights their link to anthropic activities. Some post-depositional alterations were detected, mainly due to trampling and the repeated human occupation of the area, although some concentrations point to the existence of better-preserved spaces and illustrate specific deposition events, such as deposits from single burning events. Finally, the spatial distribution of the remains allows for gaining insights into the use of plants as sources of food, fuel and raw material.