Cerebral arteriovenous malformation rupture due to thrombosis induced by coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine: A case report

Medical Reports Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI:10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100367

Genki Chikamatsu , Tsuyoshi Izumo , Eri Shiozaki , Yuka Ogawa , Shota Yoshimura , Ayaka Matsuo , Kazuaki Okamura , Ryotaro Takahira , Eisaku Sadakata , Yoichi Morofuji , Takeshi Hiu , Takayuki Matsuo

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Abstract

Background and objectives

Thrombosis is an adverse reaction of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines. Here, we report a case of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) rupture due to draining vein thrombosis after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Observations

A 17-year-old girl received the Pfizer BioNTech vaccine for the first time. Three days later, the patient presented with a headache. Nine days later, she experienced worsening symptoms, left sensory disturbance, and dysarthria. Computed tomography showed a subcortical hemorrhage in the right parietooccipital lobe, and cerebral angiography revealed an AVM located mainly in the right parietooccipital lobe. She underwent AVM resection on the 5th day of hospitalization, and the postoperative course was uneventful. Histopathological examination revealed a thrombus containing fibrin in the varix. It was suggested that thrombosis was induced by vaccination and that the thrombus in the outflow vein caused congestion in the nidus, resulting in hemorrhage.

Conclusions

Venous thrombosis associated with vaccination may affect AVM hemodynamics. Therefore, patients with known AVMs should be aware of the appearance of symptoms after vaccination.

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2019冠状病毒病疫苗致脑动静脉畸形破裂1例

背景与目的血栓形成是严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 （SARS-CoV-2）疫苗的不良反应。在此，我们报告一例在接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗后因引流静脉血栓形成而导致脑动静脉畸形（AVM）破裂。一名17岁的女孩首次接种了辉瑞生物技术公司的疫苗。三天后，病人出现头痛。9天后，患者症状加重，左侧感觉障碍，构音障碍。计算机断层扫描显示右侧顶枕叶皮质下出血，脑血管造影显示AVM主要位于右侧顶枕叶。住院第5天行AVM切除术，术后过程顺利。组织病理学检查显示静脉曲张内有含纤维蛋白的血栓。提示接种引起血栓形成，流出静脉血栓引起病灶充血，导致出血。结论与疫苗接种相关的静脉血栓形成可能影响动静脉畸形血流动力学。因此，已知avm的患者应注意接种疫苗后出现的症状。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Medical Reports

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