Human indels as predictors of antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccines

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

iScience Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.isci.2025.113475

Hsiuyi V. Chen , Siew-Wai Fong , Yun Shan Goh , Matthew Zirui Tay , Angeline Rouers , Zi Wei Chang , Andrea Wei Ming Chua , Liang Hui Loo , SCOPE cohort Study Group , Jean-Marc Chavatte , Raymond Tzer Pin Lin , Yee-Sin Leo , Chiea Chuen Khor , David C. Lye , Laurent Renia , Barnaby Edward Young , Lisa F.P. Ng

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Abstract

Vaccine efficacy varies significantly among adults. This variability underlies the limitation of a one-size-fits-all vaccination strategy and the need for more personalized approaches. We investigated factors influencing inter-individual variability in antibody responses to COVID-19 mRNA vaccine among adults. Neutralizing antibody (nAb) levels after the first vaccine dose were associated with infection outcomes within 1 year after vaccination, suggesting their potential as a correlate of protection. Age, sex, and Chinese ethnicity were associated with nAb and anti-spike protein antibody levels. Two indels located at chr1:31433042 and chr15:76311269 showed significant association with antibody responses. Leveraging these host factors, we developed a Random Forest model that predicted vaccine-induced antibody responses with 72.7% accuracy for mRNA vaccine and 76.9% for the Sinopharm COVID-19 inactivated virus vaccine. These findings support predictive modeling as a tool to identify individuals at risk of low vaccine responses, enabling more targeted and effective vaccination strategies.

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人类指数作为COVID-19疫苗抗体反应的预测因子

疫苗效力在成人中差别很大。这种可变性表明，一刀切的疫苗接种策略存在局限性，需要采取更加个性化的方法。我们研究了影响成人COVID-19 mRNA疫苗抗体反应的个体差异的因素。首次接种疫苗后的中和抗体（nAb）水平与接种后1年内的感染结果相关，表明它们可能与保护相关。年龄、性别和中国民族与nAb和抗刺突蛋白抗体水平相关。位于chr1:31433042和chr15:76311269的两个索引与抗体应答显著相关。利用这些宿主因素，我们建立了一个随机森林模型，预测疫苗诱导的抗体反应，mRNA疫苗的准确率为72.7%，国药集团COVID-19灭活疫苗的准确率为76.9%。这些发现支持将预测建模作为一种工具来识别疫苗反应低的个体，从而实现更有针对性和更有效的疫苗接种策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

iScience Multidisciplinary-Multidisciplinary

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

1.70%

发文量

1972

审稿时长

6 weeks

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