The effect of capsaicin, capsinoids, and pepper-based interventions on lipid profiles in overweight or obese individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

IF 7.4 3区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Diabetes research and clinical practice Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI:10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112478

Qiong Yang , Chu La , Kousalya Prabahar , Mohammad Safargar , Hamed Kord-Varkaneh , Temuqile , Yonggui Wu

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Abstract

The lipid-lowering effects of capsaicin, capsinoids, and pepper-derived products have shown inconsistent results in previous research. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess their impact on lipid profiles in overweight or obese individuals. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases was conducted up to August 26, 2025, identifying randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated these interventions. Data were pooled using random-effects models, and results were reported as weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Twelve RCTs met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis showed significant reductions in triglycerides (WMD: –14.29 mg/dL; 95 % CI: –27.01 to –1.58; p = 0.028) and total cholesterol (WMD: –9.97 mg/dL; 95 % CI: –17.41 to –2.52; p = 0.009). However, no significant effects were observed on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Subgroup analyses indicated stronger effects with higher daily doses (≥10 mg), longer intervention periods (≥12 weeks), and among individuals with elevated baseline lipid levels. In conclusion, capsaicin, capsinoids, and pepper-based products significantly reduce total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in overweight or obese individuals, especially when used at higher doses and for extended durations, or in those with initially elevated lipid profiles.

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辣椒素、类辣椒素和基于辣椒的干预对超重或肥胖个体血脂的影响：随机对照试验的系统回顾和荟萃分析

辣椒素、类辣椒素和辣椒衍生产品的降脂作用在先前的研究中显示出不一致的结果。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在评估它们对超重或肥胖个体脂质谱的影响。截至2025年8月26日，我们对PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和Embase数据库进行了全面检索，确定了评估这些干预措施的随机对照试验（rct）。使用随机效应模型合并数据，结果以加权平均差（wmd）报告，置信区间为95%。12项rct符合纳入标准。荟萃分析显示，甘油三酯（WMD: -14.29 mg/dL; 95% CI: -27.01至-1.58;p = 0.028）和总胆固醇（WMD: -9.97 mg/dL; 95% CI: -17.41至-2.52;p = 0.009）显著降低。然而，对低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）或高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平没有明显影响。亚组分析表明，较高的日剂量（≥10mg）、较长的干预期（≥12周）以及基线脂质水平升高的个体效果更强。总之，辣椒素、类辣椒素和辣椒制品可以显著降低超重或肥胖人群的总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平，特别是在高剂量和长时间使用时，或在最初血脂升高的人群中。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Diabetes research and clinical practice 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

3.90%

发文量

862

审稿时长

32 days

期刊介绍： Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice is an international journal for health-care providers and clinically oriented researchers that publishes high-quality original research articles and expert reviews in diabetes and related areas. The role of the journal is to provide a venue for dissemination of knowledge and discussion of topics related to diabetes clinical research and patient care. Topics of focus include translational science, genetics, immunology, nutrition, psychosocial research, epidemiology, prevention, socio-economic research, complications, new treatments, technologies and therapy.