Study on cavitation erosion behavior of nano-bainitic GCr15SiMo steels: Experiments and molecular dynamics simulations

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI:10.1016/j.wear.2025.206340

Zhe Li , Chao Tan , Jian Shang , Sidi Zhen , Sanming Du , Xiangdong Wang , Hanzhen Qi , Zhen Li

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Abstract

The nano-bainitic steels were produced by a series of heat treatments applied to GCr15SiMo bearing steels. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and cavitation erosion behavior were investigated and compared with those of martensitic and annealed steels of the identical chemical composition. Furthermore, the cavitation erosion behavior was elucidated through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to provide atomic-scale insights. The experimental results demonstrated that nano-bainitic steel exhibited exceptional cavitation erosion resistance due to its unique combination of high strength and toughness. After 840 min of cavitation erosion, the mean depth of erosion (MDE) was approximately 2.20 μm, merely 1/15 and 1/2 that of annealed steel (600 min) and martensitic steel (840 min). The complexity of the eroded surface products of nano-bainitic steel after 840 min of cavitation erosion was significantly lower than that of martensitic steel (840 min) and annealed steel (600 min). MD simulations revealed that the nano-water hammer caused by the collapse of cavitation bubble could reach extreme transient conditions, including pressure up to 30 GPa and temperature up to 5000 K on the nano-bainitic model surface, accompanied by extremely high shear stresses. The combined effect of these conditions resulted in a partial transformation of the crystal structure on the surface of the nano-bainitic model. This transformation contributed to the enhanced cavitation erosion resistance of the nano-bainitic steel.

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纳米贝氏体GCr15SiMo钢空化侵蚀行为研究：实验与分子动力学模拟

通过对GCr15SiMo轴承钢进行一系列热处理，制备出纳米贝氏体钢。研究了其显微组织、力学性能和空化侵蚀行为，并与相同化学成分的马氏体钢和退火钢进行了比较。此外，通过分子动力学（MD）模拟阐明了空化侵蚀行为，以提供原子尺度的见解。实验结果表明，纳米贝氏体钢由于其独特的高强度和高韧性结合而具有优异的抗空化侵蚀性能。经过840 min的空化腐蚀，平均蚀深（MDE）约为2.20 μm，仅为退火钢（600 min）和马氏体钢（840 min）的1/15和1/2。纳米贝氏体钢经过840 min的空化侵蚀后，其表面侵蚀产物的复杂性明显低于马氏体钢（840 min）和退火钢（600 min）。MD模拟结果表明，空化泡破裂引起的纳米水锤在纳米贝氏体模型表面可以达到极端的瞬态条件，包括高达30 GPa的压力和高达5000 K的温度，并伴随着极高的剪切应力。这些条件的综合作用导致纳米贝氏体模型表面的晶体结构发生部分转变。这种转变有助于提高纳米贝氏体钢的抗空化侵蚀性能。

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来源期刊

Wear 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

8.80

自引率

8.00%

发文量

280

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： Wear journal is dedicated to the advancement of basic and applied knowledge concerning the nature of wear of materials. Broadly, topics of interest range from development of fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of wear to innovative solutions to practical engineering problems. Authors of experimental studies are expected to comment on the repeatability of the data, and whenever possible, conduct multiple measurements under similar testing conditions. Further, Wear embraces the highest standards of professional ethics, and the detection of matching content, either in written or graphical form, from other publications by the current authors or by others, may result in rejection.