{"title":"Molecular-level analysis of coagulation mechanism in polyamide and norfloxacin composite system","authors":"Jing He , Kening Tian , Jing Yang , Liangyan He","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108709","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotics will influence each other's removal efficiency during coagulation process. This study investigated the coagulation performance and mechanism of polyamide (PA) (pristine PA (PA-O) and aged PA (PA-A)) and norfloxacin (NOR) in single and composite system. The optimal removal efficiency was achieved 73–90 % for PA-O, 80–92 % for PA-A, 30–41 % (PA-O@NOR) and 23–41 % (PA-A@NOR) for NOR in composite system. Mechanism study found the reaction between oxygen-containing groups and aluminum species was crucial during coagulation process. PA-O could be complexed with Al<sup>3+</sup> through amide group, while PA-A could react with the active groups (η-H<sub>2</sub>O and η-OH) on aluminum hydrolysate species through -OH. As more oxygen-containing groups participated in the reaction, PA-A exhibited advantage of coagulation compared to PA-O. And NOR could either be complexed with Al<sup>3+</sup> or react with the active groups by the oxygen of -C=O and -COOH. Thus, there was a competition between NOR and PA in composite system. Moreover, humic acid (HA) competed with PA and NOR for aluminum hydrolysis products, inhibiting the removal of PA and NOR. This inhibition was more pronounced for PA than for NOR, as HA enhanced the phase transfer of NOR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 108709"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of water process engineering","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214714425017829","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotics will influence each other's removal efficiency during coagulation process. This study investigated the coagulation performance and mechanism of polyamide (PA) (pristine PA (PA-O) and aged PA (PA-A)) and norfloxacin (NOR) in single and composite system. The optimal removal efficiency was achieved 73–90 % for PA-O, 80–92 % for PA-A, 30–41 % (PA-O@NOR) and 23–41 % (PA-A@NOR) for NOR in composite system. Mechanism study found the reaction between oxygen-containing groups and aluminum species was crucial during coagulation process. PA-O could be complexed with Al3+ through amide group, while PA-A could react with the active groups (η-H2O and η-OH) on aluminum hydrolysate species through -OH. As more oxygen-containing groups participated in the reaction, PA-A exhibited advantage of coagulation compared to PA-O. And NOR could either be complexed with Al3+ or react with the active groups by the oxygen of -C=O and -COOH. Thus, there was a competition between NOR and PA in composite system. Moreover, humic acid (HA) competed with PA and NOR for aluminum hydrolysis products, inhibiting the removal of PA and NOR. This inhibition was more pronounced for PA than for NOR, as HA enhanced the phase transfer of NOR.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Water Process Engineering aims to publish refereed, high-quality research papers with significant novelty and impact in all areas of the engineering of water and wastewater processing . Papers on advanced and novel treatment processes and technologies are particularly welcome. The Journal considers papers in areas such as nanotechnology and biotechnology applications in water, novel oxidation and separation processes, membrane processes (except those for desalination) , catalytic processes for the removal of water contaminants, sustainable processes, water reuse and recycling, water use and wastewater minimization, integrated/hybrid technology, process modeling of water treatment and novel treatment processes. Submissions on the subject of adsorbents, including standard measurements of adsorption kinetics and equilibrium will only be considered if there is a genuine case for novelty and contribution, for example highly novel, sustainable adsorbents and their use: papers on activated carbon-type materials derived from natural matter, or surfactant-modified clays and related minerals, would not fulfil this criterion. The Journal particularly welcomes contributions involving environmentally, economically and socially sustainable technology for water treatment, including those which are energy-efficient, with minimal or no chemical consumption, and capable of water recycling and reuse that minimizes the direct disposal of wastewater to the aquatic environment. Papers that describe novel ideas for solving issues related to water quality and availability are also welcome, as are those that show the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. The Journal will consider papers dealing with processes for various water matrices including drinking water (except desalination), domestic, urban and industrial wastewaters, in addition to their residues. It is expected that the journal will be of particular relevance to chemical and process engineers working in the field. The Journal welcomes Full Text papers, Short Communications, State-of-the-Art Reviews and Letters to Editors and Case Studies