Molecular surveillance and genetic characterization of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout farms of East Azerbaijan, Iran

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI:10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105894

Amin Reza Makhdoum , Amin Gholamhosseini , Mohammadreza Ghorani , Vahideh Taghadosi , Nasser Hajipour

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), a member of the Birnaviridae family, is a significant pathogen in salmonid aquaculture, causing notable economic losses worldwide. This study aimed to detect and genetically characterize IPNV in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farms in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Sampling was conducted at 12 farms. Five tissue samples were taken from each farm. A total of 60 tissue samples from juvenile fish (<10 g) were collected across 12 farms. RNA was extracted and subjected to nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting the NS/VP3 region in segment A of the IPNV genome. The virus was detected in 8 out of 60 samples (13.3 %), with positive cases identified in three farms. Sequencing was performed on four positive samples. Sequence analysis of four representative isolates (PP316090, PP316091, PP429499, PP429500) revealed high nucleotide similarity to previously reported Iranian strains from Shiraz and Ahvaz, as well as European strains, particularly from Spain and Turkey. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed close clustering with endemic Iranian isolates, indicating minimal genetic variation and possible intra-regional transmission. The persistence of genetically stable strains over time suggests that current biosecurity measures may be insufficient to prevent viral spread. These results highlight the need for improved monitoring systems, targeted molecular diagnostics, and the development of region-specific vaccines to manage IPNV effectively. Furthermore, the genetic resemblance to European isolates highlights the importance of broader epidemiological studies. Continued molecular surveillance and strain tracking are essential for early detection and control. Future studies should also explore the pathogenic potential of local strains and assess their impact on fish health and farm productivity under field conditions.

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伊朗东阿塞拜疆虹鳟鱼养殖场传染性胰腺坏死病毒的分子监测和遗传特征

感染性胰腺坏死病毒（IPNV）是伯纳病毒科的一员，是鲑科水产养殖中的重要病原体，在世界范围内造成了显著的经济损失。本研究旨在检测伊朗东阿塞拜疆省虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）养殖场的IPNV并对其进行遗传表征。在12个农场进行了抽样。每个农场采集了5份组织样本。从12个养殖场共收集了60份幼鱼组织样本（10克）。提取RNA，针对IPNV基因组A片段的NS/VP3区进行巢式逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）。60个样本中有8个（13.3%）检测到该病毒，在3个农场发现了阳性病例。对4份阳性样本进行测序。对4个代表性分离株（PP316090、PP316091、PP429499、PP429500）的序列分析显示，它们与此前报道的伊朗设拉子和阿瓦士地区以及欧洲地区（尤其是西班牙和土耳其）的菌株具有很高的核苷酸相似性。系统发育分析证实与伊朗地方性分离株密切聚类，表明遗传变异极小，可能存在区域内传播。随着时间的推移，基因稳定的菌株的持续存在表明，目前的生物安全措施可能不足以防止病毒传播。这些结果突出表明需要改进监测系统、有针对性的分子诊断和开发区域特异性疫苗，以有效管理IPNV。此外，与欧洲分离株的遗传相似性突出了更广泛的流行病学研究的重要性。持续的分子监测和菌株跟踪对于早期发现和控制至关重要。未来的研究还应探索当地菌株的致病潜力，并评估它们在实地条件下对鱼类健康和农场生产力的影响。

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来源期刊

Research in veterinary science 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

4.20%

发文量

312

审稿时长

75 days

期刊介绍： Research in Veterinary Science is an International multi-disciplinary journal publishing original articles, reviews and short communications of a high scientific and ethical standard in all aspects of veterinary and biomedical research. The primary aim of the journal is to inform veterinary and biomedical scientists of significant advances in veterinary and related research through prompt publication and dissemination. Secondly, the journal aims to provide a general multi-disciplinary forum for discussion and debate of news and issues concerning veterinary science. Thirdly, to promote the dissemination of knowledge to a broader range of professions, globally. High quality papers on all species of animals are considered, particularly those considered to be of high scientific importance and originality, and with interdisciplinary interest. The journal encourages papers providing results that have clear implications for understanding disease pathogenesis and for the development of control measures or treatments, as well as those dealing with a comparative biomedical approach, which represents a substantial improvement to animal and human health. Studies without a robust scientific hypothesis or that are preliminary, or of weak originality, as well as negative results, are not appropriate for the journal. Furthermore, observational approaches, case studies or field reports lacking an advancement in general knowledge do not fall within the scope of the journal.