Investigation of pre-strike characteristics in asynchronous closing of double-break vacuum circuit breakers based on field emission current

IF 3.9 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI:10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114715

Yun Geng , Xiaoshe Zhai , Xiaofei Yao , Yingsan Geng , Minju Xu , Zhiyuan Liu , Siyi Wei

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Abstract

To investigate the influence of asynchronous closing strategies on the pre-strike behavior of double-break vacuum circuit breakers, a series of DC closing experiments were conducted using two commercial 12 kV vacuum interrupters. The field emission current (I_pᵣ_e), pre-strike gap (d_pᵣ_e), and floating terminal voltage (U_pᵣ_e) were systematically measured under various closing sequences, and their statistical characteristics were analyzed using a three-parameter Weibull distribution model. Six asynchronous closing conditions were tested across DC voltage levels of 20 kV, 40 kV, and 60 kV. The results indicate that a clear linear negative correlation between I_pᵣ_e and d_pᵣ_e is observed only under synchronous closing. As the advance closing time of the high-voltage side increases, the voltage division ratio on the low-voltage side rises, leading to a significant increase in the median d_pᵣ_e (up to 1.40 mm) and a substantial decrease in I_pᵣ_e (as low as 0.90 mA), accompanied by reduced dispersion in both parameters. The correlation between U_pᵣ_e and I_pᵣ_e remains weak overall, suggesting that pre-strike behavior is predominantly governed by the physical gap distance, with limited influence from variations in floating potential. These findings demonstrate that by controlling the asynchronous timing of contact closure, the capacitive voltage distribution and division ratio can be effectively tuned to suppress fluctuations in field emission current and enhance insulation stability. This provides a theoretical foundation and empirical data to support the development of phase-controlled closing strategies for double-break vacuum circuit breakers.

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基于场发射电流的双断真空断路器异步合闸预击特性研究

为了研究异步合闸策略对双开真空断路器预击行为的影响，利用两台12 kV商用真空断路器进行了一系列直流合闸实验。系统测量了不同合闸顺序下的场发射电流（Ipᵣe）、击前间隙（dpᵣe）和浮端电压（Upᵣe），并利用三参数威布尔分布模型分析了它们的统计特性。在直流电压等级为20kv、40kv和60kv的情况下，测试了6种异步合闸条件。结果表明，只有在同步闭合的情况下，Ipᵣe和dpᵣe之间才存在明显的线性负相关关系。随着高压侧提前合闸时间的增加，低压侧的分压比增大，导致中位dpᵣe显著增加（可达1.40 mm）， Ipᵣe显著降低（低至0.90 mA），同时两个参数的色散减小。Upᵣe和Ipᵣe之间的相关性总体上仍然很弱，这表明走前行为主要受物理间隙距离的控制，受浮动电位变化的影响有限。研究结果表明，通过控制触点闭合的异步时机，可以有效地调节电容电压分布和分压比，从而抑制场发射电流的波动，提高绝缘稳定性。这为双断真空断路器相控合闸策略的开发提供了理论基础和经验数据。

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来源期刊

Vacuum 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

17.50%

发文量

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Vacuum is an international rapid publications journal with a focus on short communication. All papers are peer-reviewed, with the review process for short communication geared towards very fast turnaround times. The journal also published full research papers, thematic issues and selected papers from leading conferences. A report in Vacuum should represent a major advance in an area that involves a controlled environment at pressures of one atmosphere or below. The scope of the journal includes: 1. Vacuum; original developments in vacuum pumping and instrumentation, vacuum measurement, vacuum gas dynamics, gas-surface interactions, surface treatment for UHV applications and low outgassing, vacuum melting, sintering, and vacuum metrology. Technology and solutions for large-scale facilities (e.g., particle accelerators and fusion devices). New instrumentation ( e.g., detectors and electron microscopes). 2. Plasma science; advances in PVD, CVD, plasma-assisted CVD, ion sources, deposition processes and analysis. 3. Surface science; surface engineering, surface chemistry, surface analysis, crystal growth, ion-surface interactions and etching, nanometer-scale processing, surface modification. 4. Materials science; novel functional or structural materials. Metals, ceramics, and polymers. Experiments, simulations, and modelling for understanding structure-property relationships. Thin films and coatings. Nanostructures and ion implantation.