Carbon nano onions: Synthesis and potential applications

IF 11.6 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120814

Anjali Chholak , Neetu Mev , Md Zainul Abedeen , Poonam Kumari , Lalita Yadav , Manish Sharma , Sumit Kumar Sonkar , Ragini Gupta

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Abstract

Carbon nano onions (CNOs) are an inimitable type of nanocarbons composed of multilayer concentric graphitic shells, which resemble the structure of an onion and are referred to as CNOs. CNOs attract significant attention because of their unique structural properties and multiple applications. This review article is mainly divided into two parts. The first part focuses on the developmental journey of CNOs, encompassing their synthesis, growth mechanism and surface functionalization. The second part highlights different applications of CNOs, particularly their use in removing waste contaminants (such as organic dye, antibiotics, volatile/non-volatile organic compounds, heavy metal ions and oxo-anions etc.), their application in bioimaging, drug delivery, sensing, and energy storage devices etc. To make this review straightforward in every aspect, the important studies about the CNOs are summarized and discussed to give readers a comprehensive overview of CNOs as multifunctional nanomaterials with potential across various fields.

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碳纳米洋葱：合成及其潜在应用

碳纳米洋葱（CNOs）是由多层同心石墨壳组成的一种独特的纳米碳，其结构类似于洋葱，被称为CNOs。CNOs因其独特的结构特性和广泛的应用而备受关注。本文主要分为两部分。第一部分重点介绍了CNOs的发展历程，包括其合成、生长机制和表面功能化。第二部分重点介绍了CNOs的不同应用，特别是它们在去除废物污染物（如有机染料、抗生素、挥发性/非挥发性有机化合物、重金属离子和氧阴离子等）方面的应用，以及它们在生物成像、药物输送、传感和储能装置等方面的应用。为了使这篇综述在各个方面都简单明了，本文总结和讨论了关于CNOs的重要研究，让读者对CNOs作为多功能纳米材料在各个领域的潜力有一个全面的了解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Carbon 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

7.30%

发文量

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： The journal Carbon is an international multidisciplinary forum for communicating scientific advances in the field of carbon materials. It reports new findings related to the formation, structure, properties, behaviors, and technological applications of carbons. Carbons are a broad class of ordered or disordered solid phases composed primarily of elemental carbon, including but not limited to carbon black, carbon fibers and filaments, carbon nanotubes, diamond and diamond-like carbon, fullerenes, glassy carbon, graphite, graphene, graphene-oxide, porous carbons, pyrolytic carbon, and other sp2 and non-sp2 hybridized carbon systems. Carbon is the companion title to the open access journal Carbon Trends. Relevant application areas for carbon materials include biology and medicine, catalysis, electronic, optoelectronic, spintronic, high-frequency, and photonic devices, energy storage and conversion systems, environmental applications and water treatment, smart materials and systems, and structural and thermal applications.