Optimization design of lithium-ion battery thermal management system based on Y-shaped air-cooling structure

IF 5.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI:10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104062

Likai Yang, Xiangping Liao, Kailei Liu, Xinyang Zhu, Ye Xu, Yihan Chao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study addresses the issue of localized overheating and uneven temperature distribution in battery packs during high-power operation of electric vehicles. A dual-inlet Y-shaped air-cooled battery thermal management system (BTMS) has been proposed to overcome the limitations of traditional T-shaped structures in terms of temperature uniformity and energy efficiency. Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, the influence of key parameters such as the number and location of inputs and outlets, step height and step layout on cooling performance and energy consumption was systematically evaluated. The results indicate that: (1) When the dual inlets are set at the cooling channels 3 and 7, the maximum temperature (Tmax) and the maximum temperature difference (ΔTmax) of the Y-type BTMS decrease by 1.82 % and 44.9 % respectively compared to the T-type system, significantly enhancing temperature uniformity; (2) When the outer step height is set at 15 mm and the inner step at 10 mm, with the step surfaces aligned with the center of the channel, Tmax and ΔTmax can be further reduced by 2.44 % and 69.8 % respectively, achieving optimal thermal management effectiveness while maintaining structural simplicity. This study aims to optimize the peak temperature and temperature uniformity of batteries through a dual-inlet Y-type air-cooled structure, providing a new solution for thermal management of high-power battery packs, which is of great significance for improving the safety and reliability of battery systems.

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基于y型风冷结构的锂离子电池热管理系统优化设计

本研究解决了电动汽车大功率运行过程中电池组局部过热和温度分布不均匀的问题。为了克服传统t型结构在温度均匀性和能效方面的局限性，提出了一种双入口y型风冷电池热管理系统（BTMS）。基于计算流体力学（CFD）仿真，系统评价了进风口数量和位置、台阶高度和台阶布置等关键参数对冷却性能和能耗的影响。结果表明：(1)在冷却通道3和7设置双入口时，y型BTMS的最高温度（Tmax）和最大温差（ΔTmax）比t型系统分别降低了1.82%和44.9%，显著提高了温度均匀性；(2)当外台阶高度为15 mm，内台阶高度为10 mm，台阶表面与通道中心对齐时，Tmax和ΔTmax分别可进一步降低2.44%和69.8%，在保持结构简单的同时达到最佳的热管理效果。本研究旨在通过双入口y型风冷结构优化电池峰值温度和温度均匀性，为大功率电池组热管理提供新的解决方案，对提高电池系统的安全性和可靠性具有重要意义。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress Chemical Engineering-Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

10.40%

发文量

327

审稿时长

41 days

期刊介绍： Thermal Science and Engineering Progress (TSEP) publishes original, high-quality research articles that span activities ranging from fundamental scientific research and discussion of the more controversial thermodynamic theories, to developments in thermal engineering that are in many instances examples of the way scientists and engineers are addressing the challenges facing a growing population – smart cities and global warming – maximising thermodynamic efficiencies and minimising all heat losses. It is intended that these will be of current relevance and interest to industry, academia and other practitioners. It is evident that many specialised journals in thermal and, to some extent, in fluid disciplines tend to focus on topics that can be classified as fundamental in nature, or are ‘applied’ and near-market. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress will bridge the gap between these two areas, allowing authors to make an easy choice, should they or a journal editor feel that their papers are ‘out of scope’ when considering other journals. The range of topics covered by Thermal Science and Engineering Progress addresses the rapid rate of development being made in thermal transfer processes as they affect traditional fields, and important growth in the topical research areas of aerospace, thermal biological and medical systems, electronics and nano-technologies, renewable energy systems, food production (including agriculture), and the need to minimise man-made thermal impacts on climate change. Review articles on appropriate topics for TSEP are encouraged, although until TSEP is fully established, these will be limited in number. Before submitting such articles, please contact one of the Editors, or a member of the Editorial Advisory Board with an outline of your proposal and your expertise in the area of your review.