{"title":"Impact of climate change on malaria transmission in Africa: A scoping review of literature.","authors":"Byron Chapoterera, Keshena Naidoo, Anesu Marume","doi":"10.4102/jphia.v16i1.1346","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Climate change has significant health implications, disproportionately affecting Africa because of its limited adaptive capacity and socio-environmental vulnerabilities. Malaria, a climate-sensitive disease, is a major public health concern. Climate change influences malaria transmission by altering vector behaviour, parasite life cycles and environmental conditions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify, map and analyse evidence on the relationship between malaria and climate change in Africa.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The study examined institutional and community-based studies conducted in the African region.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A systematic review of studies published between January 2010 and December 2024 was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, African Index Medicus and Embase using keywords related to climate change and malaria. Thematic analysis was applied to synthesise patterns and trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety studies were included. Findings demonstrate that slight temperature increases significantly impact malaria transmission by accelerating mosquito vector and parasite development. Changes in rainfall patterns, whether excessive or diminished, affect mosquito breeding sites, leading to fluctuations in malaria incidence. Regional variations highlight the need for localised interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Climate factors are crucial in malaria prevalence and distribution in Africa. As climate shifts alter mosquito populations, traditional interventions, such as chemical spraying, may become less effective. Integrating ecological data into malaria control strategies ensures interventions remain effective under changing climatic conditions. Strengthening climate-responsive policies will be pivotal in malaria reduction and elimination efforts.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This review offers a comprehensive synthesis of climate-malaria interactions, providing insights for policymakers and researchers to develop climate-informed malaria control strategies tailored to Africa's diverse ecosystems landscapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":44723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health in Africa","volume":"16 1","pages":"1346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12421463/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Public Health in Africa","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4102/jphia.v16i1.1346","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Climate change has significant health implications, disproportionately affecting Africa because of its limited adaptive capacity and socio-environmental vulnerabilities. Malaria, a climate-sensitive disease, is a major public health concern. Climate change influences malaria transmission by altering vector behaviour, parasite life cycles and environmental conditions.
Aim: To identify, map and analyse evidence on the relationship between malaria and climate change in Africa.
Setting: The study examined institutional and community-based studies conducted in the African region.
Method: A systematic review of studies published between January 2010 and December 2024 was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, African Index Medicus and Embase using keywords related to climate change and malaria. Thematic analysis was applied to synthesise patterns and trends.
Results: Ninety studies were included. Findings demonstrate that slight temperature increases significantly impact malaria transmission by accelerating mosquito vector and parasite development. Changes in rainfall patterns, whether excessive or diminished, affect mosquito breeding sites, leading to fluctuations in malaria incidence. Regional variations highlight the need for localised interventions.
Conclusion: Climate factors are crucial in malaria prevalence and distribution in Africa. As climate shifts alter mosquito populations, traditional interventions, such as chemical spraying, may become less effective. Integrating ecological data into malaria control strategies ensures interventions remain effective under changing climatic conditions. Strengthening climate-responsive policies will be pivotal in malaria reduction and elimination efforts.
Contribution: This review offers a comprehensive synthesis of climate-malaria interactions, providing insights for policymakers and researchers to develop climate-informed malaria control strategies tailored to Africa's diverse ecosystems landscapes.
背景：气候变化具有重大的健康影响，由于非洲的适应能力有限和社会环境脆弱性，对非洲的影响尤为严重。疟疾是一种对气候敏感的疾病，是一个重大的公共卫生问题。气候变化通过改变病媒行为、寄生虫生命周期和环境条件影响疟疾传播。目的：识别、绘制和分析非洲疟疾与气候变化之间关系的证据。环境：该研究审查了在非洲区域进行的机构和社区研究。方法：系统回顾2010年1月至2024年12月在PubMed、Scopus、African Index Medicus和Embase上发表的与气候变化和疟疾相关的研究。专题分析用于综合模式和趋势。结果：纳入90项研究。研究结果表明，轻微的温度升高通过加速蚊子媒介和寄生虫的发育显著影响疟疾传播。降雨模式的变化，无论是过多还是减少，都会影响蚊子滋生地，导致疟疾发病率的波动。区域差异突出了采取地方干预措施的必要性。结论：气候因素是影响非洲地区疟疾流行和分布的重要因素。随着气候变化改变蚊子的数量，传统的干预措施，如化学喷洒，可能会变得不那么有效。将生态数据纳入疟疾控制战略可确保干预措施在不断变化的气候条件下仍然有效。加强应对气候变化的政策将是减少和消除疟疾工作的关键。贡献：本综述提供了气候-疟疾相互作用的全面综合，为决策者和研究人员制定适合非洲多样化生态系统景观的气候知情疟疾控制战略提供了见解。
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Public Health in Africa (JPHiA) is a peer-reviewed, academic journal that focuses on health issues in the African continent. The journal editors seek high quality original articles on public health related issues, reviews, comments and more. The aim of the journal is to move public health discourse from the background to the forefront. The success of Africa’s struggle against disease depends on public health approaches.
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