Clinical performance of low-concentration bleaching gels with hyaluronic acid and NF_TiO2 nanoparticles activated by violet LED: A randomized clinical trial

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of dentistry Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI:10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106095

Priscila Borges Gobbo de Melo , Marcos Roberto de Lima Benati , Iago César Ribeiro Teles Matos , Guilherme Silva dos Santos , Matheus Kury , Fernando Luís Esteban Florez , Vanessa Cavalli

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the bleaching efficacy, tooth sensitivity (TS), pulpal oxygen saturation (SaO₂), and patient satisfaction following in-office bleaching using experimental gels containing hyaluronic acid (HA) or carbomer 940 (CAR), co-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles with nitrogen and fluoride (NP; NF_TiO₂), and 6 % hydrogen peroxide (HP), activated by violet LED.

Methods

Seventy-two participants were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 24): HP35 (commercial bleaching gel), HA-NP-HP6+LED, and CAR-NP-HP6+LED. Bleaching was performed in three weekly sessions (1 × 30 min; 1-week interval). TS (VAS) and SaO₂ were recorded before and after each session, with TS reassessed seven days post-treatment. Tooth color was evaluated at baseline, 14 days, and 6 months post-treatment. The parameters ΔEab, ΔE₀₀, ΔWI_D, and ΔSGU were calculated. Patient satisfaction was assessed using a subjective scale. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc and non-parametric tests (α = 0.05).

Results

The HP35 group showed significantly higher bleaching efficacy after 14 days. However, at the 6-month evaluation, the experimental gels exhibited similar performance. TS was significantly lower in the experimental groups (p < 0.05), while SaO₂ levels remained stable across all groups. All participants (100 %) reported satisfaction with the outcomes.

Conclusions

Low-concentration bleaching gels containing 6 % hydrogen peroxide and NF_TiO₂ nanoparticles showed comparable efficacy to a 35 % hydrogen peroxide gel after 6 months, with less tooth sensitivity and no adverse effects on pulp oxygen saturation. Patient satisfaction was high across all groups, supporting the clinical viability of these safer experimental gels.

Clinical Relevance

Low-concentration gels enhanced with NF_TiO₂ nanoparticles and activated by violet LED may provide an effective and patient-centered bleaching option, maintaining long-term results while minimizing sensitivity.

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紫LED激活含透明质酸和NF_TiO2纳米粒子低浓度漂白凝胶的临床性能：一项随机临床试验

目的：采用含透明质酸（HA）或卡波omer 940 （CAR）的实验凝胶、含氮氟化物（NP; NF_TiO 2）和6%过氧化氢（HP）共掺杂TiO2纳米粒子，在紫光LED激活下进行室内漂白，评价漂白效果、牙齿敏感性（TS）、牙髓氧饱和度（SaO2）和患者满意度。方法：72名受试者随机分为三组（n = 24）：HP35（商用漂白凝胶）、HA-NP-HP6+LED和CAR-NP-HP6+LED。漂白分三周进行（1 × 30分钟，间隔1周）。记录每次治疗前后的TS （VAS）和SaO2，治疗7天后重新评估TS。在治疗后基线、14天和6个月评估牙齿颜色。计算出ΔEab、ΔE00、ΔWID、ΔSGU参数。采用主观量表评估患者满意度。统计学分析采用单因素方差分析，并采用Tukey事后检验和非参数检验（α = 0.05）。结果：14 d后，HP35组漂白效果明显提高。然而，在6个月的评估中，实验凝胶表现出类似的性能。各组TS显著降低（p < 0.05）， SaO2水平保持稳定。所有参与者（100%）都对结果表示满意。结论：含有6%过氧化氢和NF_TiO 2纳米颗粒的低浓度漂白凝胶在6个月后的效果与35%过氧化氢凝胶相当，牙齿敏感性更低，对牙髓氧饱和度无不良影响。所有组的患者满意度都很高，支持这些更安全的实验凝胶的临床可行性。临床意义：低浓度凝胶与NF_TiO₂纳米颗粒增强和紫色LED激活可能提供有效的和以患者为中心的漂白选择，保持长期效果，同时最小化敏感性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of dentistry 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

11.40%

发文量

349

审稿时长

35 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Dentistry has an open access mirror journal The Journal of Dentistry: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. The Journal of Dentistry is the leading international dental journal within the field of Restorative Dentistry. Placing an emphasis on publishing novel and high-quality research papers, the Journal aims to influence the practice of dentistry at clinician, research, industry and policy-maker level on an international basis. Topics covered include the management of dental disease, periodontology, endodontology, operative dentistry, fixed and removable prosthodontics, dental biomaterials science, long-term clinical trials including epidemiology and oral health, technology transfer of new scientific instrumentation or procedures, as well as clinically relevant oral biology and translational research. The Journal of Dentistry will publish original scientific research papers including short communications. It is also interested in publishing review articles and leaders in themed areas which will be linked to new scientific research. Conference proceedings are also welcome and expressions of interest should be communicated to the Editor.