Small airway impairment and bronchial hyperreactivity in patients with house dust mites-allergic rhinitis.

IF 2.1 Q3 ALLERGY

Asia Pacific Allergy Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-17 DOI:10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000193

Yudan Wu, Hanxi Wu, Li Yao, Jiayi Zhu, Ailin Tao, Linmei Li

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Abstract

Background: Patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) may be at higher risk of developing asthma.

Objective: The study was to investigate whether reactivity to house dust mites (HDM) and serum IgE level can be used to predict BHR.

Methods: A total of 75 asthmatic patients were included in the study. All patients performed spirometry and underwent a bronchial challenge with histamine.

Results: Seventy-five patients with HDM-positive skin prick tests who underwent airway provocation tests were included in this study. Small airway dysfunction was found in 19 patients. After the histamine challenge, the change of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) was more than 15% in 48 patients and more than 20% in 42 patients. There were positive associations between serum IgE levels and FEV1 fall value. The following cutoff values showed the best combination of sensitivity and specificity for AR with BHR: Serum total IgE 104.2 IU/mL (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.711, P = 0.0019), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus-specific IgE 13.7 IU/mL (AUC: 0.799, P < 0.0001), Dermatophagoides farinae-specific IgE 27.8 IU/mL (AUC: 0.743, P = 0.0009).

Conclusion: AR patients with HDM allergy have small airway dysfunction and airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway hyperresponsiveness is related to the degree of allergy. Simple measurement of allergen-specific IgE may be the best predictor of HDM-induced asthma in patients with AR.

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屋尘螨-变应性鼻炎患者的小气道损伤和支气管高反应性。

背景：变应性鼻炎（AR）和支气管高反应性（BHR）患者发生哮喘的风险较高。目的：探讨室内尘螨反应性（HDM）和血清IgE水平是否可作为预测BHR的指标。方法：选取75例哮喘患者进行研究。所有患者都进行了肺活量测定，并进行了组胺支气管挑战。结果：75例hdm阳性皮肤点刺试验患者接受气道激发试验纳入本研究。19例出现小气道功能障碍。组胺刺激后，48例患者第一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）变化大于15%，42例患者变化大于20%。血清IgE水平与FEV1下降值呈正相关。结果表明：血清总IgE 104.2 IU/mL（曲线下面积[AUC]: 0.711, P = 0.0019）、翼螨特异性IgE 13.7 IU/mL （AUC: 0.799, P < 0.0001）、粉螨特异性IgE 27.8 IU/mL （AUC: 0.743, P = 0.0009）是AR与BHR的最佳结合值。结论：AR伴HDM过敏患者存在较小的气道功能障碍和气道高反应性，气道高反应性与过敏程度有关。简单测量过敏原特异性IgE可能是过敏性鼻炎患者hdm诱发哮喘的最佳预测指标。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Asia Pacific Allergy ALLERGY-

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

5.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Asia Pacific Allergy (AP Allergy) is the official journal of the Asia Pacific Association of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology (APAAACI). Although the primary aim of the journal is to promote communication between Asia Pacific scientists who are interested in allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology including immunodeficiency, the journal is intended to be available worldwide. To enable scientists and clinicians from emerging societies appreciate the scope and intent of the journal, early issues will contain more educational review material. For better communication and understanding, it will include rational concepts related to the diagnosis and management of asthma and other immunological conditions. Over time, the journal will increase the number of original research papers to become the foremost citation journal for allergy and clinical immunology information of the Asia Pacific in the future.