Spatiotemporal epidemiological characteristics of human clonorchiasis in China

Abstract

This study explores the spatiotemporal distribution of Clonorchis sinensis infection rates across China using multiple spatial analysis methods, including spatial autocorrelation, hot spot analysis, kernel density estimation, and standard deviation ellipse analysis. By systematically reviewing historical literature and incorporating data from three national parasitic disease surveys, we identified significant clustering patterns and high-risk regions associated with the infection. The results show that infection rates were predominantly concentrated along major river systems, including the Dongting Lake, Songhua River, and Pearl River Basins. Notably, the analysis revealed a southward shift in the infection risk distribution over time, with a reduction in the geographic spread of the disease since the early 2000s. This shift is indicative of the success of public health interventions, such as mass drug administration and sanitation improvements, which have reduced infection rates in some areas. However, the persistence of high-risk zones in traditional endemic regions suggests that sustained control measures are necessary. The findings underscore the need for targeted, stratified interventions that consider ecological, socioeconomic, and demographic factors to effectively reduce transmission risks. This study provides valuable spatiotemporal evidence that can guide future epidemiological research and inform public health strategies for clonorchiasis control in China.