Efficient Ce-doped MgO@Ag core–shell catalyst for green synthesis of xanthenes

IF 3.5 3区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Research on Chemical Intermediates Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI:10.1007/s11164-025-05712-3

Hrishikesh Labhade, Jaidip Wable, Amol Kategaonkar, Shivani Pardeshi, Sharad Gaikwad

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The advancement of green and efficient synthetic strategies is essential for the pursuit of environmentally sustainable organic transformations. Xanthene derivatives, recognized for their broad pharmacological and synthetic utility, are key structural motifs in various bioactive molecules. This study reports a one-pot, three-component synthesis of xanthene derivatives catalyzed by cerium-doped, silver-coated MgO (Ce-MgO@Ag) core–shell nanoparticles under solvent-free grinding conditions at ambient room temperature. The catalyst is synthesized via a sol–gel method and comprehensively characterized using XRD, FTIR, Ads-Des, BET, BJH EDAX, FESEM, HRTEM, SAED, and XPS techniques. The model reaction employs aromatic aldehydes, dimedone. Optimization of reaction conditions yields high-purity products with excellent efficiency. The synthesized xanthenes are characterized using FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and MS. Compared to conventional protocols, this nanocatalyst offers advantages such as high catalytic efficiency, superior yields, short reaction duration, inexpensive nature, operational simplicity, reusability, and environmental benignity. The findings underscore the potential of nanostructured catalysts in advancing green synthetic strategies.

Graphical abstract

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高效掺铈MgO@Ag绿色合成杂蒽核壳催化剂

推进绿色和有效的综合战略对于追求环境可持续的有机转变至关重要。杂蒽衍生物具有广泛的药理和合成用途，是各种生物活性分子的关键结构基序。本研究报道了在室温无溶剂研磨条件下，以掺铈、镀银的MgO （Ce-MgO@Ag）核壳纳米颗粒为催化剂，一锅、三组分合成了杂蒽衍生物。采用溶胶-凝胶法合成催化剂，并采用XRD、FTIR、Ads-Des、BET、BJH、EDAX、FESEM、HRTEM、SAED、XPS等技术对催化剂进行了综合表征。模型反应使用芳香醛，二米酮。优化反应条件，得到高纯度、高效率的产物。利用FTIR、1H NMR、13C NMR和ms对合成的杂蒽进行了表征，与传统的方法相比，该纳米催化剂具有催化效率高、产率高、反应时间短、性质便宜、操作简单、可重复使用和环境友好等优点。这些发现强调了纳米结构催化剂在推进绿色合成策略方面的潜力。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Research on Chemical Intermediates 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

18.20%

发文量

229

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Research on Chemical Intermediates publishes current research articles and concise dynamic reviews on the properties, structures and reactivities of intermediate species in all the various domains of chemistry. The journal also contains articles in related disciplines such as spectroscopy, molecular biology and biochemistry, atmospheric and environmental sciences, catalysis, photochemistry and photophysics. In addition, special issues dedicated to specific topics in the field are regularly published.