{"title":"Green synthesis of mono and binary Cu-Ag based nanostructures using Dendrophthoe falcata leaf extract and evaluation of their antibacterial activities","authors":"Srilakshmi P. Bhaskar, K. Neethu","doi":"10.1007/s11243-025-00652-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, eco-friendly synthesis of Cu/CuO nanoparticles (Cu/CuO NPs) and Ag/Cu based composites was described. The leaf extract of <i>Dendrophthoe falcata</i> (<i>D. falcata</i>) which is rich in phenolic and flavonoid content was used as green reducing agent for Cu and Ag ions in aqueous solution. The biosynthesis of Cu/CuO NPs is an appealing alternative to physical and chemical approaches due to its low cost, simplicity, and environmental friendliness. Biosynthesized Cu/CuO NPs were characterized by UV–Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Solid state UV–Visible analysis showed a broad band of absorption centered at 580 nm for Cu/CuO NPs. Powder XRD analysis confirmed the presence of FCC Cu(0) phase in the sample along with oxides of Cu and the crystallite size of Cu/CuO was 15.8 nm. Morphological analysis using TEM showed aggregated particles with size in range between 10–50 nm. Additionally, Ag/AgO NPs and Ag/Cu based composites were prepared using <i>D. falcata</i> leaf extract. All three biosynthesized materials were tested for inhibitory activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Bacillus thuringiencis</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. In this study, Ag/Cu based composites showed activity against microorganisms classified as gram negative (<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>) and gram positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Bacillus thuringiencis</i>). In contrast, Cu/CuO and Ag/AgO NPs were active against only a single species of gram positive bacteria. In conclusion, the biosynthesis of Cu/CuO NPs and Ag/Cu based composites described in this work is facile and the synthesized materials have the potential to be developed into antibacterial compositions that fight infectious microbes in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":803,"journal":{"name":"Transition Metal Chemistry","volume":"50 5","pages":"731 - 743"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Transition Metal Chemistry","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11243-025-00652-8","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In this study, eco-friendly synthesis of Cu/CuO nanoparticles (Cu/CuO NPs) and Ag/Cu based composites was described. The leaf extract of Dendrophthoe falcata (D. falcata) which is rich in phenolic and flavonoid content was used as green reducing agent for Cu and Ag ions in aqueous solution. The biosynthesis of Cu/CuO NPs is an appealing alternative to physical and chemical approaches due to its low cost, simplicity, and environmental friendliness. Biosynthesized Cu/CuO NPs were characterized by UV–Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Solid state UV–Visible analysis showed a broad band of absorption centered at 580 nm for Cu/CuO NPs. Powder XRD analysis confirmed the presence of FCC Cu(0) phase in the sample along with oxides of Cu and the crystallite size of Cu/CuO was 15.8 nm. Morphological analysis using TEM showed aggregated particles with size in range between 10–50 nm. Additionally, Ag/AgO NPs and Ag/Cu based composites were prepared using D. falcata leaf extract. All three biosynthesized materials were tested for inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus thuringiencis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, Ag/Cu based composites showed activity against microorganisms classified as gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus thuringiencis). In contrast, Cu/CuO and Ag/AgO NPs were active against only a single species of gram positive bacteria. In conclusion, the biosynthesis of Cu/CuO NPs and Ag/Cu based composites described in this work is facile and the synthesized materials have the potential to be developed into antibacterial compositions that fight infectious microbes in the future.
期刊介绍：
Transition Metal Chemistry is an international journal designed to deal with all aspects of the subject embodied in the title: the preparation of transition metal-based molecular compounds of all kinds (including complexes of the Group 12 elements), their structural, physical, kinetic, catalytic and biological properties, their use in chemical synthesis as well as their application in the widest context, their role in naturally occurring systems etc.
Manuscripts submitted to the journal should be of broad appeal to the readership and for this reason, papers which are confined to more specialised studies such as the measurement of solution phase equilibria or thermal decomposition studies, or papers which include extensive material on f-block elements, or papers dealing with non-molecular materials, will not normally be considered for publication. Work describing new ligands or coordination geometries must provide sufficient evidence for the confident assignment of structural formulae; this will usually take the form of one or more X-ray crystal structures.
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