Factors associated with poor sleep quality in older Brazilians: a cross-sectional analysis of ELSI-BRAZIL.

Abstract

The aim is to identify the prevalence and main factors associated with self-reported poor sleep quality in Brazilian adults aged 50 and older. A cross-sectional study with participants from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (2019-2021). A total of 9,849 participants aged 50 and older with complete information for the variables of interest were included. Self-reported sleep quality was the outcome variable. Independent variables included sociodemographic, behavioral, and health-related indicators. Poisson regression was performed to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI95%). The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 15.6%. Significant associations were observed between the outcome and male gender (PR = 0.70; CI95%: 0.61-0.81), self-rated good health (PR = 0.49; CI95%: 0.40-0.60), and residence in the southern region (PR = 0.68; CI95%: 0.49-0.94), the number of chronic diseases (PR = 2.52; CI95%: 1.97-3.24, for those with two or more), and self-rated poor memory (PR = 1.30; CI95%: 1.12-1.51). Poor sleep quality in Brazilian older adults was associated with various factors, including female gender, negative perception of health and memory, excessive alcohol consumption, and the presence of multiple chronic conditions.