Chronotype and psychopathology: insights from a genetically informative design.

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 Medicine

Sleep Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI:10.1093/sleep/zsaf231

Juan J Madrid-Valero, Juan R Ordoñana, Thalia C Eley, Alice M Gregory

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Study objectives: Chronotype has been linked to a wide variety of psychiatric conditions. In particular, evening chronotype could be a transdiagnostic risk factor for different mental health difficulties. In this study we examine how chronotype relates to psychopathology and whether it can be conceptualised as part of the global construct of psychopathology (p-factor) by studying the genetic and environmental overlap between these variables. We utilise data from a genetically informative design to study: 1) the association between chronotype and psychopathology; 2) the genetic and environmental overlap between chronotype and psychopathology; and 3) the predictive value of polygenic score (PGS) for chronotype for psychopathology.

Methods: Chronotype was measured using an abbreviated version of the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire. Measures of psychopathology included: depression, anxiety, alcohol use and psychotic experiences among others. We used different psychopathology and chronotype-related polygenic scores. Association between chronotype and psychopathology were examined with three approaches: 1) phenotypic associations; 2) genetic and environmental associations using the twin design, and 3) genetic associations using PGS.

Results: There were small, though largely significant, associations between chronotype and psychopathology with significant genetic and environmental overlap. Chronotype PGS significantly predicted a very small proportion of the variance for some measures of psychopathology (e.g., symptoms of ADHD). However, overall, our results also suggests that the majority of genetic/environmental influences (96%) on chronotype do not overlap with those on the psychopathology factor.

Conclusions: Results from this study highlight existence of significant associations between chronotype and certain psychopathology traits. However, the very small associations do not support the idea that chronotype is a core element of the general "p-factor".

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时间型和精神病理学：来自基因信息设计的见解。

研究目的：睡眠类型与多种精神疾病有关。特别是，夜间睡眠类型可能是不同心理健康问题的跨诊断风险因素。在这项研究中，我们通过研究这些变量之间的遗传和环境重叠，研究了时间型与精神病理学的关系，以及它是否可以被概念化为精神病理学整体结构（p因子）的一部分。我们利用基因信息设计的数据来研究：1)时型与精神病理之间的关系；2)时间型与精神病理之间的遗传和环境重叠；3)多基因评分（PGS）对精神病理时型的预测价值。方法：采用缩短版慕尼黑时型问卷测量时型。精神病理学的测量包括：抑郁、焦虑、酗酒和精神病经历等。我们使用了不同的精神病理学和与时间型相关的多基因评分。时间型与精神病理的关系通过三种方法进行了检验：1)表型关联；2)使用双胞胎设计的遗传和环境关联，以及3)使用PGS的遗传关联。结果：有小的，但很大程度上显著的，在时间型和精神病理之间的关联显著的遗传和环境重叠。时间型PGS显著地预测了一些精神病理学测量（如ADHD症状）的很小比例的方差。然而，总体而言，我们的研究结果还表明，大多数对生物钟的遗传/环境影响（96%）并不与精神病理因素重叠。结论：本研究结果强调了睡眠类型与某些精神病理特征之间存在显著关联。然而，非常小的关联并不支持时间类型是一般“p因素”的核心要素的观点。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Sleep Medicine-Neurology (clinical)

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

10.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： SLEEP® publishes findings from studies conducted at any level of analysis, including: Genes Molecules Cells Physiology Neural systems and circuits Behavior and cognition Self-report SLEEP® publishes articles that use a wide variety of scientific approaches and address a broad range of topics. These may include, but are not limited to: Basic and neuroscience studies of sleep and circadian mechanisms In vitro and animal models of sleep, circadian rhythms, and human disorders Pre-clinical human investigations, including the measurement and manipulation of sleep and circadian rhythms Studies in clinical or population samples. These may address factors influencing sleep and circadian rhythms (e.g., development and aging, and social and environmental influences) and relationships between sleep, circadian rhythms, health, and disease Clinical trials, epidemiology studies, implementation, and dissemination research.