Arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity: Mechanisms, biomarkers, and preventive strategies for global health.

IF 2 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
Veterinary World Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-30 DOI:10.14202/vetworld.2025.2136-2157
Preethi Lavina Concessao, Jay Prakash
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Arsenic exposure remains a critical global health concern, with growing evidence linking it to significant kidney dysfunction. This review examines the underlying mechanisms of arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and programmed cell death, which collectively contribute to damage in the glomeruli and renal tubules. Chronic exposure is associated with proteinuria, renal impairment, and an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Emerging biomarkers such as β2-microglobulin, kidney injury molecule-1, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin have shown promise in detecting arsenic-related renal damage earlier and with greater specificity than traditional markers like serum creatinine. Preventive strategies - such as advanced water purification systems and antioxidant supplementation with agents such as vitamin C, selenium, and curcumin - alongside public health policies targeting arsenic monitoring and regulation, are essential to mitigate exposure risks. Continued research into diagnostic and therapeutic innovations is crucial for reducing the burden of arsenic-induced kidney disease. A deeper understanding of arsenic's nephrotoxic pathways will support global efforts to protect renal health and strengthen environmental health initiatives.

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砷引起的肾毒性:机制、生物标志物和全球健康预防策略。
砷暴露仍然是一个重要的全球健康问题,越来越多的证据表明它与严重的肾功能障碍有关。这篇综述探讨了砷诱导肾毒性的潜在机制,包括氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍、炎症和程序性细胞死亡,这些因素共同导致肾小球和肾小管损伤。慢性暴露与蛋白尿、肾脏损害和慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)风险增加有关。新兴的生物标志物,如β2-微球蛋白、肾损伤分子-1和中性粒细胞明胶酶相关的脂钙蛋白,在早期检测砷相关肾损伤方面表现出了希望,并且比血清肌酐等传统标志物具有更高的特异性。预防策略——例如先进的水净化系统和用维生素C、硒和姜黄素等剂补充抗氧化剂——以及针对砷监测和监管的公共卫生政策,对于减轻接触风险至关重要。对诊断和治疗创新的持续研究对于减轻砷性肾病的负担至关重要。更深入地了解砷的肾毒性途径将支持全球保护肾脏健康和加强环境卫生倡议的努力。
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来源期刊
Veterinary World
Veterinary World Multiple-
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
12.50%
发文量
317
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Veterinary World publishes high quality papers focusing on Veterinary and Animal Science. The fields of study are bacteriology, parasitology, pathology, virology, immunology, mycology, public health, biotechnology, meat science, fish diseases, nutrition, gynecology, genetics, wildlife, laboratory animals, animal models of human infections, prion diseases and epidemiology. Studies on zoonotic and emerging infections are highly appreciated. Review articles are highly appreciated. All articles published by Veterinary World are made freely and permanently accessible online. All articles to Veterinary World are posted online immediately as they are ready for publication.
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