Associations of Sleep Duration and Social Jetlag with Dry Eye Disease in Chinese School-Aged Children and Adolescents.

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Nature and Science of Sleep Pub Date : 2025-09-02 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.2147/NSS.S551300

Yuzhu Luo, Yuting Gao, Zhong Guan, Heting Liu, Shuman Tao

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Abstract

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) among children and adolescents aged 9 to 19 years in Fengyang County, and to explore the associations of sleep duration and social jetlag with DED, with the aim of providing scientific evidence for sleep-based interventions to prevent DED in this population.

Methods: Between November and December 2023, 14 primary and secondary schools were randomly selected in Fengyang County, Chuzhou City, Anhui Province, China. Students from Grade 4 to Grade 12 (aged 9-19 years) were invited to participate. A trained professional conducted clinical assessments to evaluate DED, and participants completed self-administered questionnaires to report their sleep behaviors. Sleep quality was assessed by an item from Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Chi-square tests and independent-samples t-tests were used to compare sociodemographic characteristics between DED and non-DED groups. Logistic regression models were applied to examine the associations of sleep duration, social jetlag, and their interaction with DED after adjusting for potential confounders.

Results: The overall prevalence of DED among children and adolescents in Fengyang County was 51%. After adjusting for confounders, binary logistic regression analysis showed that students who slept less than 9 hours per night had a significantly higher likelihood of DED (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.21-1.68), and those with social jetlag ≥1 hour also had an elevated risk of DED (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.07-1.54). Notably, the group with sleep duration ≥ 9 h combined with social jet lag ≥ 1 h showed a significant positive association with DED after adjusting for sleep quality (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.35-2.33).

Conclusion: Both insufficient sleep duration and significant social jetlag are associated with an increased risk of DED in children and adolescents. These findings suggest the need for targeted sleep education programs in schools that emphasize not only sufficient sleep duration but also consistent sleep-wake schedules between weekdays and weekends to promote ocular health among youth.

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中国学龄儿童和青少年干眼病与睡眠时间和社交时差的关系

目的：了解凤阳县9 ~ 19岁儿童和青少年干眼病（DED）的患病率，探讨睡眠时间和社交时差与DED的关系，为睡眠干预预防该人群干眼病提供科学依据。方法：于2023年11 - 12月在安徽省滁州市凤阳县随机抽取14所中小学进行调查。邀请了4年级至12年级（9-19岁）的学生参加。一名训练有素的专业人员对DED进行了临床评估，参与者完成了自我管理的问卷，报告了他们的睡眠行为。睡眠质量由匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评估。采用卡方检验和独立样本t检验比较DED组和非DED组的社会人口学特征。在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，应用逻辑回归模型来检验睡眠时间、社交时差及其与DED的相互作用。结果：凤阳县儿童青少年DED总患病率为51%。在调整混杂因素后，二元logistic回归分析显示，每晚睡眠时间少于9小时的学生发生DED的可能性明显更高（OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.21-1.68），社交时差≥1小时的学生发生DED的风险也较高（OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.09 -1.54）。值得注意的是，在调整睡眠质量后，睡眠时间≥ 9 h和社会时差≥ 1 h组与DED呈显著正相关（OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.35-2.33）。结论：睡眠时间不足和明显的社交时差与儿童和青少年DED风险增加有关。这些发现表明，学校需要有针对性的睡眠教育项目，不仅要强调充足的睡眠时间，还要强调工作日和周末之间一致的睡眠-觉醒时间表，以促进青少年的眼部健康。

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来源期刊

Nature and Science of Sleep Neuroscience-Behavioral Neuroscience

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

5.90%

发文量

245

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： Nature and Science of Sleep is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal covering all aspects of sleep science and sleep medicine, including the neurophysiology and functions of sleep, the genetics of sleep, sleep and society, biological rhythms, dreaming, sleep disorders and therapy, and strategies to optimize healthy sleep. Specific topics covered in the journal include: The functions of sleep in humans and other animals Physiological and neurophysiological changes with sleep The genetics of sleep and sleep differences The neurotransmitters, receptors and pathways involved in controlling both sleep and wakefulness Behavioral and pharmacological interventions aimed at improving sleep, and improving wakefulness Sleep changes with development and with age Sleep and reproduction (e.g., changes across the menstrual cycle, with pregnancy and menopause) The science and nature of dreams Sleep disorders Impact of sleep and sleep disorders on health, daytime function and quality of life Sleep problems secondary to clinical disorders Interaction of society with sleep (e.g., consequences of shift work, occupational health, public health) The microbiome and sleep Chronotherapy Impact of circadian rhythms on sleep, physiology, cognition and health Mechanisms controlling circadian rhythms, centrally and peripherally Impact of circadian rhythm disruptions (including night shift work, jet lag and social jet lag) on sleep, physiology, cognition and health Behavioral and pharmacological interventions aimed at reducing adverse effects of circadian-related sleep disruption Assessment of technologies and biomarkers for measuring sleep and/or circadian rhythms Epigenetic markers of sleep or circadian disruption.