An Analysis of Measurement Invariance of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Between Indonesia, Germany, and the USA.

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Assessment Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI:10.1177/10731911251361230

Eric Sucitra, Riangga Novrianto, Yolanda T Pasaribu, Tania M Lincoln, Edo S Jaya

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Abstract

The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is a screening tool for assessing depressive symptomatology that has received widespread use. However, there is a scarcity of research on whether the instrument measures the same construct between high-income (HIC) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Online surveys were utilized to assess samples across Indonesia, Germany, and the USA (N = 2350). Measurement Invariance (MI) was computed using multi-group confirmatory factor analyses. We found the general factor model to have a good fit and configural, metric, scalar, and residual MI across three countries. There were no significant differences in mean scores (Indonesia, M = 1.87, SD = 0.56; Germany, M = 1.90, SD = 0.65; USA, M = 1.90, SD = 0.75). These results highlight that depressive symptomatology is universal across distinct geographical regions, regardless of the population's income levels. Hence, this study further emphasizes the urgency of developing universal, accessible assessment and treatment for depression.

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印度尼西亚、德国和美国患者健康问卷-9测量不变性分析。

患者健康问卷-9 （PHQ-9）是一种评估抑郁症状的筛查工具，已被广泛使用。然而，关于该工具是否在高收入国家（HIC）和低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）之间测量相同结构的研究很少。利用在线调查来评估印度尼西亚、德国和美国的样本（N = 2350）。采用多组验证性因子分析计算测量不变性（MI）。我们发现一般因素模型在三个国家具有良好的拟合和配置、度量、标量和残差MI。均分差异无统计学意义（印度尼西亚，M = 1.87, SD = 0.56；德国，M = 1.90, SD = 0.65；美国，M = 1.90, SD = 0.75）。这些结果强调，抑郁症状在不同的地理区域是普遍的，无论人口的收入水平如何。因此，本研究进一步强调了开发普遍、可获得的抑郁症评估和治疗的紧迫性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Assessment PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

2.60%

发文量

期刊介绍： Assessment publishes articles in the domain of applied clinical assessment. The emphasis of this journal is on publication of information of relevance to the use of assessment measures, including test development, validation, and interpretation practices. The scope of the journal includes research that can inform assessment practices in mental health, forensic, medical, and other applied settings. Papers that focus on the assessment of cognitive and neuropsychological functioning, personality, and psychopathology are invited. Most papers published in Assessment report the results of original empirical research, however integrative review articles and scholarly case studies will also be considered.