A Novel and Sustainable Approach for Wastewater Treatment and Contaminant Removal by Biohybrids: Contemporary Situations and Prospective Futures

Abstract

The synthesis of biohybrids is a fascinating field of study at the node of materials engineering and bioscience involving combining functional materials with biological entities. Tailoring the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials in conjunction with biological systems has been made easy by developments in novel material design and processing technologies. Because biohybrids have more active sites and a larger surface area than polycrystalline materials, they demonstrate better catalytic activity. Thus, employing microbes in nanomaterials can offer a fresh method for decontaminating and treating wastewater. Various nanomaterials have been incorporated into biological systems up to this point, ranging from essential enzymes to complex multicellular species. Here, we offer a critical review of current advancements in biohybrids, which open up new or enhanced biological applications that can potentially treat wastewater. These enticing biohybrids explore the most recent developments of integrated biotechnology and nanotechnology that may work together to transform wastewater management. An overview of the possible uses of different biohybrids in various water treatments is given in this review. Consequently, this review has also recognized and examined the drawbacks and difficulties of using biohybrids. The information presented in this review offers fresh perspectives and opportunities for further study and advancement to increase the applicability of biohybrids.