Elevating the performance of bio-based epoxidized natural rubber/natural rubber/silica nanocomposites via strategic manipulation of silica phase-selective distribution

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI:10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111372

Zixuan Wang , Ruoyu Wang , Yanguo Li , Yanjin Zhu , Weixiao Song , Xiaohui Wu , Guo-Hua Hu , Liqun Zhang

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Abstract

Epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) combines the excellent elasticity and mechanical strength of natural rubber (NR) with the polarity, oil resistance, and wet skid resistance imparted by the introduction of epoxy groups. In particular, ENR show strong affinity with silica, endowing it great development potential in the field of green tires. However, in the silica-based composite system, ENR and NR is incompatible and forms a phase-separated structure, hindering the performance improvement of the composite. In this work, silane coupling agent bis(γ-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT) was pre-incorporated into NR to prepare NR-TESPT masterbatch to improve the affinity between the NR and silica. NR-TESPT masterbatch with different TESPT content were prepared and mixed with ENR and silica to fabricate ENR/NR/silica (ENR/NR-xT) composites. The phase-selective dispersion mechanism of silica in the ENR and NR matrix was observed by AFM-Nano-FTIR and TEM. The results shows that both the ENR phase and the NR-TESPT phase can form strong coupling interactions with silica. And a double-coupling structure of epoxy-silanol and silanol-TESPT-double bond is formed to enhance the uniform silica dispersion and the comprehensive properties of composites. The ENR/NR-4T composite exhibits significant performance improvements compared to the NR-6T composite, with a 115 % increase in anti-wet skid performance, a 30.9 % increase in tensile strength, and a 61.9 % increase in tear strength.

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通过调控二氧化硅相选择分布提高生物基环氧化天然橡胶/天然橡胶/二氧化硅纳米复合材料性能

环氧化天然橡胶（ENR）将天然橡胶（NR）的优异弹性和机械强度与引入环氧基团所赋予的极性，耐油性和湿滑性相结合。特别是ENR与二氧化硅具有较强的亲和性，在绿色轮胎领域具有很大的发展潜力。但在硅基复合体系中，ENR与NR不相容，形成相分离结构，阻碍了复合材料性能的提高。本研究将硅烷偶联剂双（γ-三乙氧基硅丙基）四硫醚（TESPT）预掺入NR中制备NR-TESPT母粒，以提高NR与二氧化硅的亲合力。制备了不同含量的NR-TESPT母粒，并与ENR和二氧化硅混合，制备了ENR/NR/二氧化硅（ENR/NR- xt）复合材料。采用原子力显微镜-纳米傅里叶变换红外光谱（afm）和透射电镜（TEM）观察了二氧化硅在ENR和NR基体中的相选择分散机制。结果表明，ENR相和NR-TESPT相均能与二氧化硅形成强耦合相互作用。形成了环氧-硅醇和硅醇- tespt -双键的双偶联结构，增强了二氧化硅的均匀分散和复合材料的综合性能。与NR-6T复合材料相比，ENR/NR-4T复合材料表现出显著的性能改进，抗湿滑性能提高了115%，抗拉强度提高了30.9%，撕裂强度提高了61.9%。

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来源期刊

Composites Science and Technology 工程技术-材料科学：复合

CiteScore

16.20

自引率

9.90%

发文量

611

审稿时长

33 days

期刊介绍： Composites Science and Technology publishes refereed original articles on the fundamental and applied science of engineering composites. The focus of this journal is on polymeric matrix composites with reinforcements/fillers ranging from nano- to macro-scale. CSTE encourages manuscripts reporting unique, innovative contributions to the physics, chemistry, materials science and applied mechanics aspects of advanced composites. Besides traditional fiber reinforced composites, novel composites with significant potential for engineering applications are encouraged.