Multifunctional Scaffold Biosensor and Drug Delivery System for Bacterial Infection Prevention During Skin Wound Healing.

Abstract

This study investigates a multifunctional hydrogel system integrating carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in a 3D-printed limonene (LIM) scaffold coated with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). The system allows to enhance wound healing, prevent infections, and monitor the healing progress. CMC is crosslinked with citric acid (CA) to form the hydrogel matrix (CMC-CA), while the 3D-printed limonene (LIM) scaffold is embedded within the hydrogel to provide mechanical support. PEDOT:PSS and curcumin-loaded PEDOT (PEDOT:CUR) nanoparticles are integrated into the hydrogel-membrane system for electrochemical detection of bacterial infection and controlled delivery of the antibacterial drug. The CMC-CA hydrogel exhibits excellent mechanical properties, suitable for conforming to irregular wound surfaces. In addition to provide additional mechanical support, the LIM scaffold is used as a pillar for the incorporation of PEDOT The integration of PEDOT:PSS and PEDOT:CUR enable not only real-time monitoring of bacterial growth but also the electrostimulated release of curcumin, which demonstrates antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Electrostimulation of the CMC-CA/LIM/PEDOT system promotes cell proliferation, supporting accelerated wound healing. In conclusion, the CMC-CA/LIM/PEDOT system combines mechanical support, infection monitoring, and enhanced healing through controlled drug delivery and electrical stimulation, addressing critical challenges in wound management.