Evaluation of algorithmic requirements for clinical application of material decomposition using a multi-layer flat panel detector.

IF 1.7 Q3 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING
Journal of Medical Imaging Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-04 DOI:10.1117/1.JMI.12.5.053501
Jamin Schaefer, Steffen Kappler, Ferdinand Lueck, Ludwig Ritschl, Thomas Weber, Georg Rose
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: The combination of multi-layer flat panel detector (FPDT) X-ray imaging and physics-based material decomposition algorithms allows for the removal of anatomical structures. However, the reliability of these algorithms may be compromised by unaccounted materials or scattered radiation.

Approach: We investigated the two-material decomposition performance of a multi-layer FPDT in the context of 2D chest radiography without and with a 13:1 anti-scatter grid employed. A matrix-based material decomposition (MBMD) (equivalent to weighted logarithmic subtraction), a matrix-based material decomposition with polynomial beam hardening pre-correction (MBMD-PBC), and a projection domain decomposition were evaluated. The decomposition accuracy of simulated data was evaluated by comparing the bone and soft tissue images to the ground truth using the structural similarity index measure (SSIM). Simulation results were supported by experiments using a commercially available triple-layer FPDT retrofitted to a digital X-ray system.

Results: Independent of the selected decomposition algorithm, uncorrected scatter leads to negative bone estimates, resulting in small SSIM values and bone structures to remain visible in soft tissue images. Even with a 13:1 anti-scatter grid employed, bone images continue to show negative bone estimates, and bone structures appear in soft tissue images. Adipose tissue on the contrary has an almost negligible effect.

Conclusions: In a contact scan, scattered radiation leads to negative bone contrast estimates in the bone images and remaining bone contrast in the soft tissue images. Therefore, accurate scatter estimation and correction algorithms are essential when aiming for material decomposition using image data obtained with a multi-layer FPDT.

多层平板探测器材料分解临床应用的算法要求评价。
目的:多层平板探测器(FPDT) x射线成像和基于物理的材料分解算法相结合,可以去除解剖结构。然而,这些算法的可靠性可能会受到不明材料或散射辐射的影响。方法:我们研究了多层FPDT在不使用和使用13:1抗散射网格的二维胸片背景下的双材料分解性能。评估了基于矩阵的材料分解(MBMD)(相当于加权对数减法)、基于矩阵的材料分解与多项式光束硬化预校正(MBMD- pbc)以及投影域分解。利用结构相似指数度量(SSIM)将骨骼和软组织图像与地面真实情况进行比较,评估模拟数据的分解精度。仿真结果得到了商用三层FPDT改造成数字x射线系统的实验的支持。结果:与所选择的分解算法无关,未校正的散点会导致骨骼估计为负,导致软组织图像中SSIM值较小,骨骼结构仍然可见。即使采用13:1的反散射网格,骨骼图像仍然显示负骨估计,并且骨骼结构出现在软组织图像中。相反,脂肪组织的影响几乎可以忽略不计。结论:在接触扫描中,散射辐射导致骨骼图像中的骨对比度估计为负,软组织图像中的骨对比度估计为剩余。因此,在利用多层FPDT获得的图像数据进行材料分解时,精确的散射估计和校正算法是必不可少的。
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来源期刊
Journal of Medical Imaging
Journal of Medical Imaging RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING-
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
4.20%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: JMI covers fundamental and translational research, as well as applications, focused on medical imaging, which continue to yield physical and biomedical advancements in the early detection, diagnostics, and therapy of disease as well as in the understanding of normal. The scope of JMI includes: Imaging physics, Tomographic reconstruction algorithms (such as those in CT and MRI), Image processing and deep learning, Computer-aided diagnosis and quantitative image analysis, Visualization and modeling, Picture archiving and communications systems (PACS), Image perception and observer performance, Technology assessment, Ultrasonic imaging, Image-guided procedures, Digital pathology, Biomedical applications of biomedical imaging. JMI allows for the peer-reviewed communication and archiving of scientific developments, translational and clinical applications, reviews, and recommendations for the field.
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