Advancements and Innovations in Low-Temperature Hydrogen Electrochemical Conversion Devices Driven by 3D Printing Technology

IF 36.3 1区材料科学 Q1 Engineering

Nano-Micro Letters Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI:10.1007/s40820-025-01907-w

Min Wang, Xiuyue Wang, Enyang Sun, Zhenye Kang, Fan Gong, Bin Hou, Gaoqiang Yang, Mingbo Wu, Feng-Yuan Zhang

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Abstract

3D printing, as a versatile additive manufacturing technique, offers high design flexibility, rapid prototyping, minimal material waste, and the capability to fabricate complex, customized geometries. These attributes make it particularly well-suited for low-temperature hydrogen electrochemical conversion devices—specifically, proton exchange membrane fuel cells, proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells, anion exchange membrane electrolyzer cells, and alkaline electrolyzers—which demand finely structured components such as catalyst layers, gas diffusion layers, electrodes, porous transport layers, and bipolar plates. This review provides a focused and critical summary of the current progress in applying 3D printing technologies to these key components. It begins with a concise introduction to the principles and classifications of mainstream 3D printing methods relevant to the hydrogen energy sector and proceeds to analyze their specific applications and performance impacts across different device architectures. Finally, the review identifies existing technical challenges and outlines future research directions to accelerate the integration of 3D printing in next-generation low-temperature hydrogen energy systems.

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3D打印技术驱动的低温氢电化学转换装置的进展与创新

3D打印作为一种多功能的增材制造技术，提供了高度的设计灵活性、快速的原型制作、最小的材料浪费以及制造复杂的定制几何形状的能力。这些特性使其特别适合低温氢电化学转换设备，特别是质子交换膜燃料电池、质子交换膜电解槽、阴离子交换膜电解槽和碱性电解槽，这些设备需要结构精细的组件，如催化剂层、气体扩散层、电极、多孔传输层和双极板。这篇综述提供了一个重点和关键的总结，目前在应用3D打印技术到这些关键部件的进展。它首先简要介绍了与氢能源部门相关的主流3D打印方法的原理和分类，并继续分析其在不同设备架构中的具体应用和性能影响。最后，该综述确定了现有的技术挑战，并概述了未来的研究方向，以加速3D打印在下一代低温氢能系统中的集成。

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来源期刊

Nano-Micro Letters NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

32.60

自引率

4.90%

发文量

981

审稿时长

1.1 months

期刊介绍： Nano-Micro Letters is a peer-reviewed, international, interdisciplinary, and open-access journal published under the SpringerOpen brand. Nano-Micro Letters focuses on the science, experiments, engineering, technologies, and applications of nano- or microscale structures and systems in various fields such as physics, chemistry, biology, material science, and pharmacy.It also explores the expanding interfaces between these fields. Nano-Micro Letters particularly emphasizes the bottom-up approach in the length scale from nano to micro. This approach is crucial for achieving industrial applications in nanotechnology, as it involves the assembly, modification, and control of nanostructures on a microscale.