Estimation of graphene oxide nanoparticle reinforcement on the mechanical properties of maxillofacial silicone

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI:10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.007

Vigneshvar Kandaswamy Srinivasan, Naveen Gopi Chander, Muthukumar Balasubramaniam

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Maxillofacial silicone is commonly used for facial prostheses but suffers from low tensile and tear strength and limited elasticity. The integration of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles has been proposed to improve these mechanical shortcomings.

Aim

This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of varying GO concentrations (0 %, 0.5 %, 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, and 5 %) on the tensile strength, tear strength, and Shore A hardness of maxillofacial silicone elastomers.

Materials and methods

A total of 504 silicone samples were fabricated and divided into six groups based on GO concentration, with 28 samples per group for each test. Silicone and GO were homogenized and cured per standard protocols. Tensile and tear strength were measured using a universal testing machine; Shore A hardness was assessed with a durometer. Material characterization was conducted using FTIR and FESEM.

Results

The highest tensile strength (2.253 MPa) was observed in the 3 % GO group (SG-3), indicating superior stress resistance. Tear strength peaked in the 0.5 % GO group (15.625 MPa), with SG-3 showing nearly comparable results (15.184 MPa). Shore A hardness increased slightly with GO content, with SG-3 offering an optimal flexibility-rigidity balance. FESEM confirmed uniform GO dispersion in SG-3, enhancing filler bonding. FTIR revealed increased peak intensities, suggesting improved molecular interactions and a denser polymer matrix.

Conclusion

Graphene oxide significantly enhanced the mechanical performance of maxillofacial silicone, with 3 % GO yielding the most favorable combination of strength, elasticity, and material integrity.

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纳米氧化石墨烯增强对颌面部硅胶力学性能的影响

颌面部硅胶通常用于面部假体，但存在低拉伸和撕裂强度以及有限弹性的问题。为了改善这些机械缺陷，人们提出了氧化石墨烯纳米颗粒的集成。目的：本体外研究旨在评估不同氧化石墨烯浓度（0%、0.5%、1%、2%、3%和5%）对颌面部有机硅弹性体的拉伸强度、撕裂强度和邵氏硬度的影响。材料与方法制备了504个硅胶样品，根据氧化石墨烯的浓度分为6组，每组28个样品。硅胶和氧化石墨烯按标准方案均质和固化。拉伸强度和撕裂强度采用万能试验机测量；邵氏硬度用硬度计测定。利用FTIR和FESEM对材料进行表征。结果3%氧化石墨烯组（SG-3）抗拉强度最高，为2.253 MPa，具有较好的抗应力性。撕裂强度在0.5%氧化石墨烯组达到峰值（15.625 MPa）， SG-3的撕裂强度几乎相当（15.184 MPa）。邵氏硬度随着氧化石墨烯含量的增加而略有增加，SG-3提供了最佳的柔韧性-刚性平衡。FESEM证实了SG-3中氧化石墨烯的均匀分散，增强了填料的粘合。FTIR显示峰值强度增加，表明分子相互作用改善，聚合物基质更致密。结论氧化石墨烯显著增强了颌面部硅胶的力学性能，其中3%氧化石墨烯在强度、弹性和材料完整性方面表现最佳。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research Medicine-Otorhinolaryngology

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

133

审稿时长

167 days

期刊介绍： Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research (JOBCR)is the official journal of the Craniofacial Research Foundation (CRF). The journal aims to provide a common platform for both clinical and translational research and to promote interdisciplinary sciences in craniofacial region. JOBCR publishes content that includes diseases, injuries and defects in the head, neck, face, jaws and the hard and soft tissues of the mouth and jaws and face region; diagnosis and medical management of diseases specific to the orofacial tissues and of oral manifestations of systemic diseases; studies on identifying populations at risk of oral disease or in need of specific care, and comparing regional, environmental, social, and access similarities and differences in dental care between populations; diseases of the mouth and related structures like salivary glands, temporomandibular joints, facial muscles and perioral skin; biomedical engineering, tissue engineering and stem cells. The journal publishes reviews, commentaries, peer-reviewed original research articles, short communication, and case reports.