Assessing adverse reactions in people living with epilepsy on levetiracetam

Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-22 DOI:10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100273

Luqman Ogunjimi , Bamidele Osalusi , Akinyinka Alabi , Abdullahi Murtala , Emmanuel Irokosu , Aderonke Aderinola , Uka Aaron , Damilola Ogungbemi , Bolanle Falujo , Latifat Elegbede , Asisat Adegoke , Fedora Ojini , Ayomide Oladipupo , Ibironke Oyenuga , Doyinsola Omilana , Oluwatobiloba Oluseyije , Fehintola Fatai

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Abstract

Background

This study aimed to evaluate factors associated with adverse drug reaction (ADR) among people with epilepsy (PWE) on Levetiracetam (LEV) monotherapy.

Method

This descriptive, cross-sectional study, utilized a total purposive sampling method, to recruit 102 consenting participants on LEV monotherapy. Seizure classification was determined using the 2017 International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) guideline. Liverpool Adverse Events Profile (LAEP) was employed to evaluate ADR in individuals on LEV monotherapy.

Result

There were 44 (43 %) had ADR [single 21(20.59 %) vs multiple 23(22.55 %)], while 58 (56.86 %) had No Adverse Drug Reaction (NADR) respectively. The most common ADRs were headaches 20 (19.6 %), disturbed sleep (18.6 %), and dizziness 16 (15.7 %). Demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable among ADR, and NADR, except for marital status (p0.043), lower age at onset [23.89 ± 13.30 vs 32.32 ± 20.34 (p0.027)], and higher LAEP score [24.48 ± 5.55 vs 19.00 ± 0.00 (p < 0.001)]. The parameters were also comparable in single and multiple reactions except for marital status (p0.035), and etiology (p0.012). Furthermore, lower age at onset (p0.027), and higher LAEP score (p < 0.001) were identified factors associated with ADR among participants. However, none of these predicted ADR.

Conclusion

Nearly half of the participants had ADR, with neurological ADRs being the commonest, and 23 % of them had multiple ADRs. Furthermore, lower age at onset and higher LAEP scores were significantly associated with ADR. Healthcare providers should focus on identifying and mitigating these ADRs to improve the quality of care in PWE.

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评估癫痫患者服用左乙拉西坦的不良反应

本研究旨在评价癫痫（PWE）患者左乙拉西坦（LEV）单药治疗药物不良反应（ADR）的相关因素。方法本研究采用全目的抽样方法，招募102名同意接受LEV单药治疗的受试者。根据2017年国际抗癫痫联盟（ILAE）指南确定癫痫发作分类。采用利物浦不良事件档案（LAEP）评估LEV单药治疗个体的不良反应。结果44例（43%）发生不良反应（单例21例（20.59%）vs多例23例（22.55%）），58例（56.86%）无不良反应（NADR）。最常见的不良反应是头痛20%（19.6%）、睡眠不安（18.6%）和头晕16%（15.7%）。除婚姻状况（p0.043）、发病年龄较低[23.89±13.30 vs 32.32±20.34 (p0.027)]、LAEP评分较高[24.48±5.55 vs 19.00±0.00 (p < 0.001)]外，ADR与NADR的人口统计学和临床特征具有可比性。除婚姻状况（p0.035）和病因（p0.012）外，单次和多次反应的参数也具有可比性。此外，较低的发病年龄（p0.027）和较高的LAEP评分（p < 0.001）被确定为与参与者的不良反应相关的因素。然而，这些都不能预测不良反应。结论近一半的受试者出现不良反应，其中以神经系统不良反应最为常见，23%的受试者出现多重不良反应。此外，较低的发病年龄和较高的LAEP评分与不良反应显著相关。医疗保健提供者应专注于识别和减轻这些不良反应，以提高PWE的护理质量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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