Effects of varying levels of dietary crude fibre on growth, physio-biochemical responses, and gut microbiota in Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743157

S.R. Gokulnath , J. Syama Dayal , Tincy Varghese , R. Ananda Raja , T. Sivaramakrishnan , K. Ambasankar , Ashutosh D. Deo , N. Ranjith , N. Suganya , J. Kumaravel , J. Ashok Kumar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Crude fibre (CF) plays a crucial role in modulating gut health and nutrient utilisation in aquaculture species. A 45-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary CF on growth performance, nutrient utilisation, digestion, hepatopancreas and intestinal histology, antioxidant enzyme activity, and intestinal microbiota of Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets, namely F2.58, F5.20, F7.62, F10.20, and F12.56, were formulated with varying CF levels (2.58, 5.20, 7.62, 10.20, and 12.56 %), using cellulose as the fibre source. Growth parameters, including weight gain (WG), weight gain percentage (WGP), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER), varied significantly among treatments (P < 0.05), with higher CF levels (7.62, 10.20, and 12.56 %) reducing growth and increasing FCR. Orthogonal contrast analysis revealed significant linear effects (P < 0.001) for WG, WGP, SGR, FCR, and PER, while quadratic effects were not significant (P > 0.05). However, survival rate, hepatosomatic index (HSI), and whole-body chemical composition remained unaffected (P > 0.05). An increase in CF levels above 5.20 % significantly reduced digestive and antioxidant enzyme activities (P < 0.05), indicating impaired digestion and increased oxidative stress. Histological analysis revealed severe structural damage in the hepatopancreas and midgut at higher CF levels, including intertubular oedema, cell hypertrophy, and epithelial degradation. Intestinal microbiota analysis indicated distinct microbial compositions among treatments, with moderate CF levels (5.20 %) promoting beneficial genera like Meridianimaribacter and suppressing potential pathogens. These findings suggest that an optimal CF level of up to 5.20 % maintains growth, digestive function, and gut microbial balance, whereas excessive CF compromises shrimp health and performance. This study provides valuable insights into the role of dietary fibre in shrimp nutrition and underlines the importance of dietary fibre optimisation for sustainable aquaculture practices.

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饲粮不同水平粗纤维对凡纳滨对虾生长、生理生化反应和肠道微生物群的影响

粗纤维（CF）在调节水产养殖物种肠道健康和营养利用方面起着至关重要的作用。本试验旨在研究饲料中添加CF对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、营养物质利用、消化、肝胰腺和肠道组织学、抗氧化酶活性和肠道微生物群的影响。以纤维素为纤维源，配制不同CF水平（2.58、5.20、7.62、10.20和12.56%）的等氮等脂饲粮F2.58、F5.20、F7.62、F10.20和F12.56。生长参数，包括增重（WG）、增重率（WGP）、特定生长率（SGR）、饲料系数（FCR）和蛋白质效率（PER），各处理间差异显著（P < 0.05），较高的CF水平（7.62%、10.20%和12.56%）降低了生长，提高了FCR。正交对比分析显示，WG、WGP、SGR、FCR和PER的线性效应显著（P < 0.001），而二次效应不显著（P > 0.05）。然而，存活率、肝体指数（HSI）和全身化学成分未受影响（P > 0.05）。CF水平高于5.20%显著降低了消化酶和抗氧化酶活性（P < 0.05），表明消化功能受损，氧化应激增加。组织学分析显示，在较高的CF水平下，肝胰腺和中肠出现严重的结构损伤，包括管间水肿、细胞肥大和上皮降解。肠道菌群分析显示，不同治疗组的微生物组成不同，适度的CF水平（5.20%）促进了子午动物杆菌等有益菌的生长，抑制了潜在的病原体。综上所示，适宜的CF水平为5.20%，可维持对虾的生长、消化功能和肠道微生物平衡，而过多的CF则会损害对虾的健康和生产性能。这项研究为膳食纤维在虾营养中的作用提供了有价值的见解，并强调了膳食纤维优化对可持续水产养殖实践的重要性。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

17.80%

发文量

1246

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture is an international journal for the exploration, improvement and management of all freshwater and marine food resources. It publishes novel and innovative research of world-wide interest on farming of aquatic organisms, which includes finfish, mollusks, crustaceans and aquatic plants for human consumption. Research on ornamentals is not a focus of the Journal. Aquaculture only publishes papers with a clear relevance to improving aquaculture practices or a potential application.