MdBACT5 and MdBACT8 contribute to the formation of branched-chain volatiles in apple

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI:10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112742

Xinhui Yang, Xin Li, Haotong Li, Yumeng Yu, Chu Qin

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Branched–chain amino acid aminotransferases (BCATs) catalyze both the final anabolic step and the initial catabolic step of branched–chain amino acids (BCAAs), which are pivotal for the formation of plant branched–chain volatiles (BCVs). However, the members of BCAT family in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) remain poorly characterized. In the current study, we identified nine BCAT genes in the apple genome. Phylogenetic analysis classified these MdBCATs into two groups distributed across five chromosomes, with conserved gene structures within each group. Physicochemical analysis revealed coding sequence (CDS) lengths ranging from 852 to 1248 bp, encoding proteins with molecular weights of 31.13 45–41 kDa and isoelectric points (pI) of 5.86–8.35. Collinearity analysis indicated that segmental duplication predominantly drove the expansion of the apple BCAT family. Promoter regions of MdBCATs harbored cis–acting elements associated with growth and development, stress responses, and hormone signaling. RT–qPCR analysis demonstrated differential expression patterns of MdBCATs in the peel tissue of ‘Oregon Spur II’ apples during ambient storage. Subcellular localization revealed plastid– and mitochondrial–targeting of specific MdBCATs. Notably, transient overexpression of mitochondrially–localized MdBACT5 and MdBACT8 significantly enhanced BCV biosynthesis. Taken together, this study provides critical insights into the role of BCATs in apple fruit aroma quality.

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苹果（Malus domestica Borkh.）支链氨基酸转氨酶（BCAT）家族：全基因组鉴定、表达分析和功能验证

支链氨基酸氨基转移酶（BCATs）催化支链氨基酸（BCAAs）的最终合成代谢和初始分解代谢，是植物支链挥发物（bcv）形成的关键。然而，苹果（Malus domestica Borkh.） BCAT家族成员的特征仍然很差。在目前的研究中，我们在苹果基因组中鉴定了9个BCAT基因。系统发育分析将这些mdbcat分为两组，分布在5条染色体上，每组中都有保守的基因结构。理化分析表明，该基因编码序列（CDS）长度为852 ~ 1248bp，编码的蛋白分子量为31.13 45 ~ 41kda，等电点（pI）为5.86 ~ 8.35。共线性分析表明，片段重复是苹果BCAT家族扩增的主要驱动因素。MdBCATs的启动子区域包含与生长发育、应激反应和激素信号传导相关的顺式作用元件。RT-qPCR分析显示，“俄勒冈马刺II”苹果在环境储存期间果皮组织中MdBCATs的表达模式存在差异。亚细胞定位揭示了特异性MdBCATs的质体和线粒体靶向性。值得注意的是，线粒体定位的MdBACT5和MdBACT8的短暂过表达显著增强了BCV的生物合成。综上所述，这项研究为BCATs在苹果果实香气品质中的作用提供了重要的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Plant Science 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

9.10

自引率

1.90%

发文量

322

审稿时长

33 days

期刊介绍： Plant Science will publish in the minimum of time, research manuscripts as well as commissioned reviews and commentaries recommended by its referees in all areas of experimental plant biology with emphasis in the broad areas of genomics, proteomics, biochemistry (including enzymology), physiology, cell biology, development, genetics, functional plant breeding, systems biology and the interaction of plants with the environment. Manuscripts for full consideration should be written concisely and essentially as a final report. The main criterion for publication is that the manuscript must contain original and significant insights that lead to a better understanding of fundamental plant biology. Papers centering on plant cell culture should be of interest to a wide audience and methods employed result in a substantial improvement over existing established techniques and approaches. Methods papers are welcome only when the technique(s) described is novel or provides a major advancement of established protocols.