Intergenerational interventions and their impact on active aging: A systematic review.

Abstract

Background: The aging of the world's population has led to a growing need for innovative strategies to promote active aging and bridge generational divides. Intergenerational Programs (IGPs) that engage young adults (18-30 years) and older adults (65 + years) have demonstrated the potential to improve well-being and reduce ageism. However, the evidence for this pairing of ages is still fragmentary. This review aims to provide a qualitative and systematic synthesis of present IGPs, deepening the main characteristics of their implementations.

Methods: Four databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ERIC) were systematically searched following PRISMA guidelines. After screening 5554 articles, two independent reviewers assessed full texts, and 26 studies were included and systematically coded for narrative synthesis.

Results: The study results indicate that IGPs consistently improve mental health, social inclusion, and community cohesion and reduce ageism for both age groups. Most studies (77 %) reported positive outcomes for both generations, while 19 % showed benefits exclusively for older adults. Interventions are diverse, including educational, community, meaningful activity, physical activity, reminiscence, and technology programs. Relational dynamics (61.5 %) and ageism reduction (54 %) emerged as primary outcome focuses.

Conclusions: Despite these strengths, variability in theoretical frameworks and methods limits comparability. These findings highlight the potential of IGPs to promote intergenerational solidarity and suggest that future research should prioritize standardized approach and balanced evaluations to strengthen the evidence base and guide effective practice in an aging society.