Microstructure and tribological properties of TiC particle reinforced 2024 aluminum matrix nanocomposites fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

IF 3.9 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI:10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114716

Xiaohui Liu , Yunzhong Liu , Yuxuan Tang , Shuaixing Wang , Nan Du

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of TiC content (0–5.0 wt%) on microstructural evolution and tribological properties of TiC-reinforced 2024 aluminum matrix nanocomposites additively manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), with a focus on the grain refinement effects and post-heat-treatment performance. Results reveal that TiC addition enables columnar-to-equiaxed grain transition, eliminates hot cracking, and increases density to 99.1 %. The grains are refined to an average grain size of approximately 1.6 μm by adding TiC. Following heat treatment, multi-scale strengthening phases (Al₁₈Ti₂Mg₃, L₁₂/D0₂₂-Al₃Ti, G.P. zones, θ'') form, enhancing hardness from 126.4 to 152.1 HV. The composite with 2.5 wt% TiC exhibits optimal wear resistance, achieving a 61 % reduction in wear rate compared to the unreinforced alloy, despite a moderate increase in friction coefficient. The excellent wear resistance is attributed to synergistic effects of enhanced load-bearing capacity and the suppression of adhesive wear. These findings highlight multifunctional roles of TiC in microstructural control and property enhancement of LPBF-processed composites, providing insights for aerospace applications like high-strength fuselage frames and wear-resistant bushings.

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激光粉末床熔合TiC颗粒增强2024铝基纳米复合材料的组织与摩擦学性能

本文研究了TiC含量（0-5.0 wt%）对激光粉末床熔接（LPBF）增材制备TiC增强2024铝基纳米复合材料显微组织演变和摩擦学性能的影响，重点研究了TiC增强2024铝基纳米复合材料的晶粒细化效果和热处理后性能。结果表明，TiC的加入促进了柱状晶向等轴晶的转变，消除了热裂，使密度提高到99.1%。TiC的加入使晶粒细化到平均1.6 μm左右。热处理后形成多尺度强化相（Al18Ti2Mg3, L12/D022-Al3Ti， gp区，θ”），硬度从126.4提高到152.1 HV。含有2.5 wt% TiC的复合材料表现出最佳的耐磨性，与未增强的合金相比，尽管摩擦系数略有增加，但磨损率降低了61%。优异的耐磨性是由于增强的承载能力和抑制粘着磨损的协同作用。这些发现突出了TiC在lpbf加工复合材料的微结构控制和性能增强方面的多功能作用，为高强度机身框架和耐磨衬套等航空航天应用提供了见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Vacuum 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

17.50%

发文量

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Vacuum is an international rapid publications journal with a focus on short communication. All papers are peer-reviewed, with the review process for short communication geared towards very fast turnaround times. The journal also published full research papers, thematic issues and selected papers from leading conferences. A report in Vacuum should represent a major advance in an area that involves a controlled environment at pressures of one atmosphere or below. The scope of the journal includes: 1. Vacuum; original developments in vacuum pumping and instrumentation, vacuum measurement, vacuum gas dynamics, gas-surface interactions, surface treatment for UHV applications and low outgassing, vacuum melting, sintering, and vacuum metrology. Technology and solutions for large-scale facilities (e.g., particle accelerators and fusion devices). New instrumentation ( e.g., detectors and electron microscopes). 2. Plasma science; advances in PVD, CVD, plasma-assisted CVD, ion sources, deposition processes and analysis. 3. Surface science; surface engineering, surface chemistry, surface analysis, crystal growth, ion-surface interactions and etching, nanometer-scale processing, surface modification. 4. Materials science; novel functional or structural materials. Metals, ceramics, and polymers. Experiments, simulations, and modelling for understanding structure-property relationships. Thin films and coatings. Nanostructures and ion implantation.