Wei-Jen Chen, Elaine Symanski, Kristina W Whitworth
{"title":"Association of PM<sub>2.5</sub> Exposure on Birthweight: Racial and Ethnic Disparities.","authors":"Wei-Jen Chen, Elaine Symanski, Kristina W Whitworth","doi":"10.1111/ppe.70070","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The few studies that have examined the impact of PM<sub>2.5</sub> on reduced birthweight across different percentiles of the conditional birthweight distribution have produced equivocal findings, and only two assessed whether these associations varied by race/ethnicity or by racial/ethnic composition of the neighbourhood where mothers lived.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We evaluated racial/ethnic differences in the association between prenatal PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure and birthweight across the birthweight distribution in a retrospective cohort study comprising 102,986 full-term singleton births in Harris County, Texas (2019-2020).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Census tract-level daily PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations were estimated using 'XGBoost-IDW Synthesis', and averaged exposures over pregnancy. Neighbourhood racial/ethnic composition was defined by whether ≥ 50% (i.e., majority) of non-Hispanic white residents lived in a census tract. Quantile regression models, adjusted for covariates, were applied to examine changes in birthweight [ <math> <semantics> <mrow><mover><mi>β</mi> <mo>̂</mo></mover> </mrow> <annotation>$$ \\hat{\\beta} $$</annotation></semantics> </math> and 95% confidence interval (CI)] associated with an interquartile range increase in ambient air levels of PM<sub>2.5</sub> at selected percentiles of the conditional birthweight distribution. Stratified analyses explored differential associations by maternal race/ethnicity and neighbourhood racial/ethnic composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An inverted hook pattern was observed in the associations between prenatal PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure and reduced birthweight, with the strongest among infants born at the lowest ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><mover><mi>β</mi> <mo>̂</mo></mover> </mrow> <annotation>$$ \\hat{\\beta} $$</annotation></semantics> </math> = -14 g, 95% CI: -20, -8; 10th percentile) and highest ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><mover><mi>β</mi> <mo>̂</mo></mover> </mrow> <annotation>$$ \\hat{\\beta} $$</annotation></semantics> </math> = -11 g, 95% CI: -19, -4; 90th percentile) percentiles of the birthweight distribution, and a weaker association at the 75th percentile. In stratified analyses, the strongest association at the lowest percentile was observed among infants of Hispanic mothers or those living in neighbourhoods with less than a majority of non-Hispanic white residents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides evidence that associations of prenatal PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure with reductions in birthweight varied among infants at the lowest, middle and highest percentiles of the conditional birthweight distribution; further, these associations varied by maternal race/ethnicity and neighbourhood racial/ethnic composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":19698,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.70070","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: The few studies that have examined the impact of PM2.5 on reduced birthweight across different percentiles of the conditional birthweight distribution have produced equivocal findings, and only two assessed whether these associations varied by race/ethnicity or by racial/ethnic composition of the neighbourhood where mothers lived.
Objective: We evaluated racial/ethnic differences in the association between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and birthweight across the birthweight distribution in a retrospective cohort study comprising 102,986 full-term singleton births in Harris County, Texas (2019-2020).
Methods: Census tract-level daily PM2.5 concentrations were estimated using 'XGBoost-IDW Synthesis', and averaged exposures over pregnancy. Neighbourhood racial/ethnic composition was defined by whether ≥ 50% (i.e., majority) of non-Hispanic white residents lived in a census tract. Quantile regression models, adjusted for covariates, were applied to examine changes in birthweight [ and 95% confidence interval (CI)] associated with an interquartile range increase in ambient air levels of PM2.5 at selected percentiles of the conditional birthweight distribution. Stratified analyses explored differential associations by maternal race/ethnicity and neighbourhood racial/ethnic composition.
Results: An inverted hook pattern was observed in the associations between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and reduced birthweight, with the strongest among infants born at the lowest ( = -14 g, 95% CI: -20, -8; 10th percentile) and highest ( = -11 g, 95% CI: -19, -4; 90th percentile) percentiles of the birthweight distribution, and a weaker association at the 75th percentile. In stratified analyses, the strongest association at the lowest percentile was observed among infants of Hispanic mothers or those living in neighbourhoods with less than a majority of non-Hispanic white residents.
Conclusions: This study provides evidence that associations of prenatal PM2.5 exposure with reductions in birthweight varied among infants at the lowest, middle and highest percentiles of the conditional birthweight distribution; further, these associations varied by maternal race/ethnicity and neighbourhood racial/ethnic composition.
背景：少数研究考察了PM2.5对条件出生体重分布中不同百分位数的出生体重降低的影响，结果模棱两可，只有两项研究评估了这些关联是否因种族/民族或母亲居住社区的种族/民族组成而异。目的：我们在一项回顾性队列研究中评估了出生体重分布中产前PM2.5暴露与出生体重之间的种族/民族差异，该研究包括德克萨斯州哈里斯县（2019-2020）的102,986名足月单胎婴儿。方法：使用“XGBoost-IDW合成”估计人口普查区水平的每日PM2.5浓度，并计算怀孕期间的平均暴露量。社区种族/民族构成定义为是否≥50% (i.e., majority) of non-Hispanic white residents lived in a census tract. Quantile regression models, adjusted for covariates, were applied to examine changes in birthweight [ β ̂ $$ \hat{\beta} $$ and 95% confidence interval (CI)] associated with an interquartile range increase in ambient air levels of PM2.5 at selected percentiles of the conditional birthweight distribution. Stratified analyses explored differential associations by maternal race/ethnicity and neighbourhood racial/ethnic composition.Results: An inverted hook pattern was observed in the associations between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and reduced birthweight, with the strongest among infants born at the lowest ( β ̂ $$ \hat{\beta} $$ = -14 g, 95% CI: -20, -8; 10th percentile) and highest ( β ̂ $$ \hat{\beta} $$ = -11 g, 95% CI: -19, -4; 90th percentile) percentiles of the birthweight distribution, and a weaker association at the 75th percentile. In stratified analyses, the strongest association at the lowest percentile was observed among infants of Hispanic mothers or those living in neighbourhoods with less than a majority of non-Hispanic white residents.Conclusions: This study provides evidence that associations of prenatal PM2.5 exposure with reductions in birthweight varied among infants at the lowest, middle and highest percentiles of the conditional birthweight distribution; further, these associations varied by maternal race/ethnicity and neighbourhood racial/ethnic composition.
期刊介绍：
Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology crosses the boundaries between the epidemiologist and the paediatrician, obstetrician or specialist in child health, ensuring that important paediatric and perinatal studies reach those clinicians for whom the results are especially relevant. In addition to original research articles, the Journal also includes commentaries, book reviews and annotations.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
